A detection method of typical toxic mixed red tide algae in Qinhuangdao based on three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy

[Display omitted] •PCA-GA-SVM is used for identification of typical toxic red tide algae.•Dominant algal species in mixed red tide are identified in Qinhuangdao sea area.•The classification of typical toxic red tide algae in Qinhuangdao.•Such a procedure is green and environment-friendly. Red tides occur every year in the Qinhuangdao sea area of China, including a variety of toxic algae and non-toxic algae. Toxic red tide algae have caused great damage to the marine aquaculture industry in China and seriously endangered human health, but most of non-toxic algae are important bait for marine plankton. Therefore, it is very important to identify the type of mixed red tide algae in Qinhuangdao sea area. In this paper, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and chemometrics were applied to the identification of typical toxic mixed red tide algae in Qinhuangdao. Firstly, the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum data of typical mixed red tide algae in Qinhuangdao sea area were measured by f-7000 fluorescence spectrometer, and the contour map of algae samples was obtained. Secondly, the contour spectrum analysis is carried out to find the excitation wavelength of the peak position of the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum and form the new three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum data selected by the feature interval. Then, the new three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum data are extracted by principal component analysis (PCA). Finally, the feature extraction data and the data without feature extraction are used as the input of the genetic optimization support vector machine (GA-SVM) and particle swarm optimization support vector machine (PSO-SVM) classification models, respectively, to obtain the classification model of mixed red tide algae, and the two feature extraction analysis methods and two classification algorithms are compared. The results show that the classification accuracy of the test set using the principal component feature extraction and GA-SVM classification method is 92.97 %, when the excitation wavelengths are 420 nm, 440 nm, 480 nm, 500 nm and 580 nm, and the emission wavelengths are 650–750 nm. Therefore, it is feasible and effective to apply the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum characteristics and genetic optimization support vector machine classification method to the identification of toxic mixed red tide algae in Qinhuangdao sea area.