MXene@Au based electrochemical biosensor with pretreatment by magnetic nanoparticles for determination of MRSA from clinical samples

Pathogenic bacteria are associated with high morbidity rates and present significant diagnostic challenges in terms of rapid detection. This study introduces a magnetic separation-based electrochemical biosensor for the detection of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Vancomycin (Van) was used to modify on the surface of polyethyleneimine (PEI) mediated MBs (MBs-PEI-Van) for separation and enrichment of MRSA. The MBs-PEI-Van shown a satisfactory stability and applicability with capture effective (CE) > 85% in both PBS and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. MXene@Au with controllable size of AuNPs was synthesized by a self-reduction method and employed to modify the glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Immunoglobulin G (IgG) was loaded onto the modified electrode to immobilize MRSA, and ferroceneboronic acid (Fc-BA) was used as a probe for quantitative determination. The differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) current was plotted against the concentration of MRSA from 3.8 × 101 to 3.8 × 107 CFU/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.8 × 101 CFU/mL. In addition, MRSA was successfully detected in spiked CSF samples with satisfactory recoveries (94.35–107.81 %) and validation results (RSD < 11 %). Overall, this study presents a promising method for the detection of MRSA, with the potential to be further developed into a universal pathogen detection method. [Display omitted] •The proposed MBs-PEI-Van shown capture effective > 85 % to MRSA in CSF samples.•The MXene@Au with controllable size of AuNPs was synthesized to modify electrodes.•The MXene@Au improved electrochemical response of Fc-BA probe.•Sensitive and selective detection of MRSA was realized in CSF samples.