Influence of UV-B and culinary treatment on vitamin D2 and agaritine in button mushrooms

This study investigated the effects of different culinary treatments on the levels of vitamin D2 and agaritine in irradiated white button mushrooms. In addition, the intake of this vitamin via mushroom dishes was evaluated. In fresh irradiated white button mushrooms, the vitamin D2 content was 21.5 ± 2.4 µg/100 g fresh weight, 42 % of which was in the cap skin. The highest losses of vitamin D2 (63 %) were found in samples boiled in acidic water. In contrast, the lowest losses were found in samples boiled in non-acidified water. In the baking and frying experiments, vitamin D2 retention depended more on the cooking time than on the temperature. This resulted in high-heat frying being the second-best treatment for retaining vitamin D2 content in the samples. In the case of agaritine, no effect of UV treatment on its content was observed, and cooking treatment reduced its consumption. At the same time, the formation of toxic degradation products was not observed. The Recommended Daily Intake (RDI) of vitamin D can be achieved by consuming about 75–190 g of cooked, irradiated white button mushrooms, which can thus be an important dietary source of this vitamin. [Display omitted] •The highest content of vitamin D2 was found in the skin of the irradiated mushroom.•The losses of vitamin D2 during the culinary treatments ranged from 9 % to 63 %.•Cooking time reduced the vitamin D2 content more significantly than temperature.•All heat treatment methods significantly reduced the agaritine content.•Eating about 75–190 g of cooked, irradiated mushrooms can meet RDI for vitamin D.