Synthesis and Characterization of 4,4′,5,5′‐Tetranitro‐2,2′‐Bi‐1 H ‐imidazole (TNBI)

Synthesis and Characterization of 4,4′,5,5′‐Tetranitro‐2,2′‐Bi‐1 H ‐imidazole (TNBI)

We synthesized 4,4′,5,5′‐tetranitro‐2,2′‐bi‐1 H ‐imidazole (TNBI), which may serve as a new energetic filler for high explosive formulations. TNBI was synthesized by treating an excess amount of sodium nitrate with 2,2′‐bi‐1 H ‐imidazole (BI), which was produced from glyoxal and ammonia gas. The ove...

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Veröffentlicht in:Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics explosives, pyrotechnics, 2005-12, Vol.30 (6), p.445-449
Hauptverfasser: Cho, Soo Gyeong, Cho, Jin Rai, Goh, Eun Mee, Kim, Jae‐Kyung, Damavarapu, Reddy, Surapaneni, Rao
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container_issue 6
container_start_page 445
container_title Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics
container_volume 30
creator Cho, Soo Gyeong
Cho, Jin Rai
Goh, Eun Mee
Kim, Jae‐Kyung
Damavarapu, Reddy
Surapaneni, Rao
description We synthesized 4,4′,5,5′‐tetranitro‐2,2′‐bi‐1 H ‐imidazole (TNBI), which may serve as a new energetic filler for high explosive formulations. TNBI was synthesized by treating an excess amount of sodium nitrate with 2,2′‐bi‐1 H ‐imidazole (BI), which was produced from glyoxal and ammonia gas. The overall synthetic yield was 32%. The synthesized TNBI was characterized by performing various chemical analyses including NMR, IR, and CHN analyses. Small scale sensitivity tests were carried out at both research institutes (ADD and ARDEC). The sensitivity results varied from ‘more sensitive than RDX’ to ‘substantially less sensitive than RDX’ according to the purity and conditions of the test samples. Based on our careful characterizations, this large variation in sensitivity was attributed to the moisture content that was present in the test samples due to a hygroscopic nature of TNBI. We also found that the hygroscopic nature of TNBI changed significantly due to the amount of impurities, especially sulfates.
doi_str_mv 10.1002/prep.200500040
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