Loss of NRF-2 and PGC-1α genes leads to retinal pigment epithelium damage resembling dry age-related macular degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multi-factorial disease that is the leading cause of irreversible and severe vision loss in the developed countries. It has been suggested that the pathogenesis of dry AMD involves impaired protein degradation in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). RPE...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser: Felszeghy, Szabolcs, Viiri, Johanna, Paterno, Jussi J, Hyttinen, Juha M.T, Koskela, Ali, Chen, Mei, Leinonen, Henri, Tanila, Heikki, Kivinen, Niko, Koistinen, Arto, Toropainen, Elisa, Amadio, Marialaura, Smedowski, Adrian, Reinisalo, Mika, Winiarczyk, Mateusz, Mackiewicz, Jerzy, Mutikainen, Maija, Ruotsalainen, Anna-Kaisa, Kettunen, Mikko, Jokivarsi, Kimmo, Sinha, Debasish, Kinnunen, Kati, Petrovski, Goran, Blasiak, Janusz, Bjørkøy, Geir, Koskelainen, Ari, Skottman, Heli, Urtti, Arto, Salminen, Antero, Kannan, Ram, Ferrington, Deborah A, Xu, Heping, Levonen, Anna-Liisa, Tavi, Pasi, Kauppinen, Anu, Kaarniranta, Kai
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Online-Zugang:Volltext bestellen
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page
container_issue
container_start_page
container_title
container_volume
creator Felszeghy, Szabolcs
Viiri, Johanna
Paterno, Jussi J
Hyttinen, Juha M.T
Koskela, Ali
Chen, Mei
Leinonen, Henri
Tanila, Heikki
Kivinen, Niko
Koistinen, Arto
Toropainen, Elisa
Amadio, Marialaura
Smedowski, Adrian
Reinisalo, Mika
Winiarczyk, Mateusz
Mackiewicz, Jerzy
Mutikainen, Maija
Ruotsalainen, Anna-Kaisa
Kettunen, Mikko
Jokivarsi, Kimmo
Sinha, Debasish
Kinnunen, Kati
Petrovski, Goran
Blasiak, Janusz
Bjørkøy, Geir
Koskelainen, Ari
Skottman, Heli
Urtti, Arto
Salminen, Antero
Kannan, Ram
Ferrington, Deborah A
Xu, Heping
Levonen, Anna-Liisa
Tavi, Pasi
Kauppinen, Anu
Kaarniranta, Kai
description Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multi-factorial disease that is the leading cause of irreversible and severe vision loss in the developed countries. It has been suggested that the pathogenesis of dry AMD involves impaired protein degradation in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress that may lead to the accumulation of damaged cellular proteins, DNA and lipids and evoke tissue deterioration during the aging process. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the lysosomal/autophagosomal pathway are the two major proteolytic systems in eukaryotic cells. NRF-2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2) and PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha) are master transcription factors in the regulation of cellular detoxification. We investigated the role of NRF-2 and PGC-1α in the regulation of RPE cell structure and function by using global double knockout (dKO) mice. The NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mice exhibited significant age-dependent RPE degeneration, accumulation of the oxidative stress marker, 4-HNE (4-hydroxynonenal), the endoplasmic reticulum stress markers GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78) and ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), and damaged mitochondria. Moreover, levels of protein ubiquitination and autophagy markers p62/SQSTM1 (sequestosome 1), Beclin-1 and LC3B (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) were significantly increased together with the Iba-1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1) mononuclear phagocyte marker and an enlargement of RPE size. These histopathological changes of RPE were accompanied by photoreceptor dysmorphology and vision loss as revealed by electroretinography. Consequently, these novel findings suggest that the NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mouse is a valuable model for investigating the role of proteasomal and autophagy clearance in the RPE and in the development of dry AMD.
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>cristin_3HK</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_cristin_nora_11250_2618375</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>11250_2618375</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-cristin_nora_11250_26183753</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNjU0KwjAQRrtxIeodxgMETEvVfbG6EBFxX8ZmGgfyU5J0obfyIp7JCh7A1YOPx_em2fPoYwTfwelSixzQKTjvKyHfL9DkKIIhVBGSh0CJHRroWVtyCajndCfDgwWFFjWNRiR7M-w0qPCAcRKBDCZSYLEdDAZQ9H0NmNi7eTbp0ERa_DjLlvXuWh1EGziOrcb5gI2Ueblq8rXcFpuy-Mf5AGJlRbQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Loss of NRF-2 and PGC-1α genes leads to retinal pigment epithelium damage resembling dry age-related macular degeneration</title><source>NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives</source><creator>Felszeghy, Szabolcs ; Viiri, Johanna ; Paterno, Jussi J ; Hyttinen, Juha M.T ; Koskela, Ali ; Chen, Mei ; Leinonen, Henri ; Tanila, Heikki ; Kivinen, Niko ; Koistinen, Arto ; Toropainen, Elisa ; Amadio, Marialaura ; Smedowski, Adrian ; Reinisalo, Mika ; Winiarczyk, Mateusz ; Mackiewicz, Jerzy ; Mutikainen, Maija ; Ruotsalainen, Anna-Kaisa ; Kettunen, Mikko ; Jokivarsi, Kimmo ; Sinha, Debasish ; Kinnunen, Kati ; Petrovski, Goran ; Blasiak, Janusz ; Bjørkøy, Geir ; Koskelainen, Ari ; Skottman, Heli ; Urtti, Arto ; Salminen, Antero ; Kannan, Ram ; Ferrington, Deborah A ; Xu, Heping ; Levonen, Anna-Liisa ; Tavi, Pasi ; Kauppinen, Anu ; Kaarniranta, Kai</creator><creatorcontrib>Felszeghy, Szabolcs ; Viiri, Johanna ; Paterno, Jussi J ; Hyttinen, Juha M.T ; Koskela, Ali ; Chen, Mei ; Leinonen, Henri ; Tanila, Heikki ; Kivinen, Niko ; Koistinen, Arto ; Toropainen, Elisa ; Amadio, Marialaura ; Smedowski, Adrian ; Reinisalo, Mika ; Winiarczyk, Mateusz ; Mackiewicz, Jerzy ; Mutikainen, Maija ; Ruotsalainen, Anna-Kaisa ; Kettunen, Mikko ; Jokivarsi, Kimmo ; Sinha, Debasish ; Kinnunen, Kati ; Petrovski, Goran ; Blasiak, Janusz ; Bjørkøy, Geir ; Koskelainen, Ari ; Skottman, Heli ; Urtti, Arto ; Salminen, Antero ; Kannan, Ram ; Ferrington, Deborah A ; Xu, Heping ; Levonen, Anna-Liisa ; Tavi, Pasi ; Kauppinen, Anu ; Kaarniranta, Kai</creatorcontrib><description>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multi-factorial disease that is the leading cause of irreversible and severe vision loss in the developed countries. It has been suggested that the pathogenesis of dry AMD involves impaired protein degradation in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress that may lead to the accumulation of damaged cellular proteins, DNA and lipids and evoke tissue deterioration during the aging process. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the lysosomal/autophagosomal pathway are the two major proteolytic systems in eukaryotic cells. NRF-2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2) and PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha) are master transcription factors in the regulation of cellular detoxification. We investigated the role of NRF-2 and PGC-1α in the regulation of RPE cell structure and function by using global double knockout (dKO) mice. The NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mice exhibited significant age-dependent RPE degeneration, accumulation of the oxidative stress marker, 4-HNE (4-hydroxynonenal), the endoplasmic reticulum stress markers GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78) and ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), and damaged mitochondria. Moreover, levels of protein ubiquitination and autophagy markers p62/SQSTM1 (sequestosome 1), Beclin-1 and LC3B (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) were significantly increased together with the Iba-1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1) mononuclear phagocyte marker and an enlargement of RPE size. These histopathological changes of RPE were accompanied by photoreceptor dysmorphology and vision loss as revealed by electroretinography. Consequently, these novel findings suggest that the NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mouse is a valuable model for investigating the role of proteasomal and autophagy clearance in the RPE and in the development of dry AMD.</description><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier</publisher><creationdate>2019</creationdate><rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,780,885,26567</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2618375$$EView_record_in_NORA$$FView_record_in_$$GNORA$$Hfree_for_read</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Felszeghy, Szabolcs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viiri, Johanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paterno, Jussi J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hyttinen, Juha M.T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koskela, Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Mei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leinonen, Henri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanila, Heikki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kivinen, Niko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koistinen, Arto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toropainen, Elisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amadio, Marialaura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smedowski, Adrian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reinisalo, Mika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Winiarczyk, Mateusz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mackiewicz, Jerzy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mutikainen, Maija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruotsalainen, Anna-Kaisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kettunen, Mikko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jokivarsi, Kimmo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sinha, Debasish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinnunen, Kati</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petrovski, Goran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blasiak, Janusz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bjørkøy, Geir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koskelainen, Ari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Skottman, Heli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Urtti, Arto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salminen, Antero</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kannan, Ram</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferrington, Deborah A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Heping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levonen, Anna-Liisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tavi, Pasi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kauppinen, Anu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaarniranta, Kai</creatorcontrib><title>Loss of NRF-2 and PGC-1α genes leads to retinal pigment epithelium damage resembling dry age-related macular degeneration</title><description>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multi-factorial disease that is the leading cause of irreversible and severe vision loss in the developed countries. It has been suggested that the pathogenesis of dry AMD involves impaired protein degradation in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress that may lead to the accumulation of damaged cellular proteins, DNA and lipids and evoke tissue deterioration during the aging process. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the lysosomal/autophagosomal pathway are the two major proteolytic systems in eukaryotic cells. NRF-2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2) and PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha) are master transcription factors in the regulation of cellular detoxification. We investigated the role of NRF-2 and PGC-1α in the regulation of RPE cell structure and function by using global double knockout (dKO) mice. The NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mice exhibited significant age-dependent RPE degeneration, accumulation of the oxidative stress marker, 4-HNE (4-hydroxynonenal), the endoplasmic reticulum stress markers GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78) and ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), and damaged mitochondria. Moreover, levels of protein ubiquitination and autophagy markers p62/SQSTM1 (sequestosome 1), Beclin-1 and LC3B (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) were significantly increased together with the Iba-1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1) mononuclear phagocyte marker and an enlargement of RPE size. These histopathological changes of RPE were accompanied by photoreceptor dysmorphology and vision loss as revealed by electroretinography. Consequently, these novel findings suggest that the NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mouse is a valuable model for investigating the role of proteasomal and autophagy clearance in the RPE and in the development of dry AMD.</description><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>3HK</sourceid><recordid>eNqNjU0KwjAQRrtxIeodxgMETEvVfbG6EBFxX8ZmGgfyU5J0obfyIp7JCh7A1YOPx_em2fPoYwTfwelSixzQKTjvKyHfL9DkKIIhVBGSh0CJHRroWVtyCajndCfDgwWFFjWNRiR7M-w0qPCAcRKBDCZSYLEdDAZQ9H0NmNi7eTbp0ERa_DjLlvXuWh1EGziOrcb5gI2Ueblq8rXcFpuy-Mf5AGJlRbQ</recordid><startdate>2019</startdate><enddate>2019</enddate><creator>Felszeghy, Szabolcs</creator><creator>Viiri, Johanna</creator><creator>Paterno, Jussi J</creator><creator>Hyttinen, Juha M.T</creator><creator>Koskela, Ali</creator><creator>Chen, Mei</creator><creator>Leinonen, Henri</creator><creator>Tanila, Heikki</creator><creator>Kivinen, Niko</creator><creator>Koistinen, Arto</creator><creator>Toropainen, Elisa</creator><creator>Amadio, Marialaura</creator><creator>Smedowski, Adrian</creator><creator>Reinisalo, Mika</creator><creator>Winiarczyk, Mateusz</creator><creator>Mackiewicz, Jerzy</creator><creator>Mutikainen, Maija</creator><creator>Ruotsalainen, Anna-Kaisa</creator><creator>Kettunen, Mikko</creator><creator>Jokivarsi, Kimmo</creator><creator>Sinha, Debasish</creator><creator>Kinnunen, Kati</creator><creator>Petrovski, Goran</creator><creator>Blasiak, Janusz</creator><creator>Bjørkøy, Geir</creator><creator>Koskelainen, Ari</creator><creator>Skottman, Heli</creator><creator>Urtti, Arto</creator><creator>Salminen, Antero</creator><creator>Kannan, Ram</creator><creator>Ferrington, Deborah A</creator><creator>Xu, Heping</creator><creator>Levonen, Anna-Liisa</creator><creator>Tavi, Pasi</creator><creator>Kauppinen, Anu</creator><creator>Kaarniranta, Kai</creator><general>Elsevier</general><scope>3HK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2019</creationdate><title>Loss of NRF-2 and PGC-1α genes leads to retinal pigment epithelium damage resembling dry age-related macular degeneration</title><author>Felszeghy, Szabolcs ; Viiri, Johanna ; Paterno, Jussi J ; Hyttinen, Juha M.T ; Koskela, Ali ; Chen, Mei ; Leinonen, Henri ; Tanila, Heikki ; Kivinen, Niko ; Koistinen, Arto ; Toropainen, Elisa ; Amadio, Marialaura ; Smedowski, Adrian ; Reinisalo, Mika ; Winiarczyk, Mateusz ; Mackiewicz, Jerzy ; Mutikainen, Maija ; Ruotsalainen, Anna-Kaisa ; Kettunen, Mikko ; Jokivarsi, Kimmo ; Sinha, Debasish ; Kinnunen, Kati ; Petrovski, Goran ; Blasiak, Janusz ; Bjørkøy, Geir ; Koskelainen, Ari ; Skottman, Heli ; Urtti, Arto ; Salminen, Antero ; Kannan, Ram ; Ferrington, Deborah A ; Xu, Heping ; Levonen, Anna-Liisa ; Tavi, Pasi ; Kauppinen, Anu ; Kaarniranta, Kai</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-cristin_nora_11250_26183753</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Felszeghy, Szabolcs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viiri, Johanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paterno, Jussi J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hyttinen, Juha M.T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koskela, Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Mei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leinonen, Henri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanila, Heikki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kivinen, Niko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koistinen, Arto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toropainen, Elisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amadio, Marialaura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smedowski, Adrian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reinisalo, Mika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Winiarczyk, Mateusz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mackiewicz, Jerzy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mutikainen, Maija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruotsalainen, Anna-Kaisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kettunen, Mikko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jokivarsi, Kimmo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sinha, Debasish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinnunen, Kati</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petrovski, Goran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blasiak, Janusz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bjørkøy, Geir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koskelainen, Ari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Skottman, Heli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Urtti, Arto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salminen, Antero</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kannan, Ram</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferrington, Deborah A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Heping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levonen, Anna-Liisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tavi, Pasi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kauppinen, Anu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaarniranta, Kai</creatorcontrib><collection>NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives</collection></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Felszeghy, Szabolcs</au><au>Viiri, Johanna</au><au>Paterno, Jussi J</au><au>Hyttinen, Juha M.T</au><au>Koskela, Ali</au><au>Chen, Mei</au><au>Leinonen, Henri</au><au>Tanila, Heikki</au><au>Kivinen, Niko</au><au>Koistinen, Arto</au><au>Toropainen, Elisa</au><au>Amadio, Marialaura</au><au>Smedowski, Adrian</au><au>Reinisalo, Mika</au><au>Winiarczyk, Mateusz</au><au>Mackiewicz, Jerzy</au><au>Mutikainen, Maija</au><au>Ruotsalainen, Anna-Kaisa</au><au>Kettunen, Mikko</au><au>Jokivarsi, Kimmo</au><au>Sinha, Debasish</au><au>Kinnunen, Kati</au><au>Petrovski, Goran</au><au>Blasiak, Janusz</au><au>Bjørkøy, Geir</au><au>Koskelainen, Ari</au><au>Skottman, Heli</au><au>Urtti, Arto</au><au>Salminen, Antero</au><au>Kannan, Ram</au><au>Ferrington, Deborah A</au><au>Xu, Heping</au><au>Levonen, Anna-Liisa</au><au>Tavi, Pasi</au><au>Kauppinen, Anu</au><au>Kaarniranta, Kai</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Loss of NRF-2 and PGC-1α genes leads to retinal pigment epithelium damage resembling dry age-related macular degeneration</atitle><date>2019</date><risdate>2019</risdate><abstract>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multi-factorial disease that is the leading cause of irreversible and severe vision loss in the developed countries. It has been suggested that the pathogenesis of dry AMD involves impaired protein degradation in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress that may lead to the accumulation of damaged cellular proteins, DNA and lipids and evoke tissue deterioration during the aging process. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the lysosomal/autophagosomal pathway are the two major proteolytic systems in eukaryotic cells. NRF-2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2) and PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha) are master transcription factors in the regulation of cellular detoxification. We investigated the role of NRF-2 and PGC-1α in the regulation of RPE cell structure and function by using global double knockout (dKO) mice. The NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mice exhibited significant age-dependent RPE degeneration, accumulation of the oxidative stress marker, 4-HNE (4-hydroxynonenal), the endoplasmic reticulum stress markers GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78) and ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), and damaged mitochondria. Moreover, levels of protein ubiquitination and autophagy markers p62/SQSTM1 (sequestosome 1), Beclin-1 and LC3B (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) were significantly increased together with the Iba-1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1) mononuclear phagocyte marker and an enlargement of RPE size. These histopathological changes of RPE were accompanied by photoreceptor dysmorphology and vision loss as revealed by electroretinography. Consequently, these novel findings suggest that the NRF-2/PGC-1α dKO mouse is a valuable model for investigating the role of proteasomal and autophagy clearance in the RPE and in the development of dry AMD.</abstract><pub>Elsevier</pub><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext_linktorsrc
identifier
ispartof
issn
language eng
recordid cdi_cristin_nora_11250_2618375
source NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives
title Loss of NRF-2 and PGC-1α genes leads to retinal pigment epithelium damage resembling dry age-related macular degeneration
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-24T04%3A18%3A32IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-cristin_3HK&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Loss%20of%20NRF-2%20and%20PGC-1%CE%B1%20genes%20leads%20to%20retinal%20pigment%20epithelium%20damage%20resembling%20dry%20age-related%20macular%20degeneration&rft.au=Felszeghy,%20Szabolcs&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info:doi/&rft_dat=%3Ccristin_3HK%3E11250_2618375%3C/cristin_3HK%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true