Swayne's hartebeest in Ethiopia: population estimate, genetic variability and competition with livestock
Swayne's hartebeest Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei was once widely distributed in the Horn of Africa. By the early 20th century, however, it was extirpated across most of its range and is now limited to two relict populations in the Ethiopian Rift Valley and categorized as Endangered on the IUCN...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Oryx 2022-05, Vol.56 (3), p.336-344 |
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| creator | Tamrat, Misganaw Atickem, Anagaw Flagstad, Øystein Fischer, Martha Roos, Christian Evangelista, Paul Bekele, Afework Stenseth, Nils Chr Zinner, Dietmar |
| description | Swayne's hartebeest Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei was once widely distributed in the Horn of Africa. By the early 20th century, however, it was extirpated across most of its range and is now limited to two relict populations in the Ethiopian Rift Valley and categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. In this study, we estimated the size and genetic diversity of these two remaining populations, with a particular focus on competition with livestock. We used a total block count method for both Swayne's hartebeest and livestock population counts, and faecal samples for a population genetic analysis. We estimated the total population of Swayne's hartebeest to be 1,528, with 518 individuals in Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and 1,010 individuals in Maze National Park. Livestock densities were 212 and 153 times those of Swayne's hartebeest in Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and Maze National Park, respectively. Among 73 mitochondrial D-loop sequences (34 from Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and 39 from Maze National Park), we found 22 haplotypes (Senkele 12, Maze 16, shared 6). Population genetic parameters suggest only weak sub-structuring between the two populations (FST = 0.164). Despite the positive population trends in both protected areas, the spatial overlap with livestock may lead to future population decline as a result of resource competition and disease transmission. We therefore recommend further translocation to other protected areas within the species’ former range. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0030605320000927 |
| format | Article |
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By the early 20th century, however, it was extirpated across most of its range and is now limited to two relict populations in the Ethiopian Rift Valley and categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. In this study, we estimated the size and genetic diversity of these two remaining populations, with a particular focus on competition with livestock. We used a total block count method for both Swayne's hartebeest and livestock population counts, and faecal samples for a population genetic analysis. We estimated the total population of Swayne's hartebeest to be 1,528, with 518 individuals in Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and 1,010 individuals in Maze National Park. Livestock densities were 212 and 153 times those of Swayne's hartebeest in Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and Maze National Park, respectively. Among 73 mitochondrial D-loop sequences (34 from Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and 39 from Maze National Park), we found 22 haplotypes (Senkele 12, Maze 16, shared 6). Population genetic parameters suggest only weak sub-structuring between the two populations (FST = 0.164). Despite the positive population trends in both protected areas, the spatial overlap with livestock may lead to future population decline as a result of resource competition and disease transmission. We therefore recommend further translocation to other protected areas within the species’ former range.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0030-6053</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-3008</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0030605320000927</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Alcelaphus buselaphus ; Competition ; Disease transmission ; Feces ; Genetic analysis ; Genetic diversity ; Genetic variability ; Grasslands ; Habitats ; Haplotypes ; Hunting ; Land settlement ; Livestock ; Mitochondria ; National parks ; Population ; Population decline ; Population genetics ; Population statistics ; Protected areas ; Protected species ; Rift valleys ; Rivers ; Threatened species ; Translocation ; Ungulate conservation</subject><ispartof>Oryx, 2022-05, Vol.56 (3), p.336-344</ispartof><rights>Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Fauna & Flora International</rights><rights>Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Fauna & Flora International. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). 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By the early 20th century, however, it was extirpated across most of its range and is now limited to two relict populations in the Ethiopian Rift Valley and categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. In this study, we estimated the size and genetic diversity of these two remaining populations, with a particular focus on competition with livestock. We used a total block count method for both Swayne's hartebeest and livestock population counts, and faecal samples for a population genetic analysis. We estimated the total population of Swayne's hartebeest to be 1,528, with 518 individuals in Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and 1,010 individuals in Maze National Park. Livestock densities were 212 and 153 times those of Swayne's hartebeest in Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and Maze National Park, respectively. Among 73 mitochondrial D-loop sequences (34 from Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and 39 from Maze National Park), we found 22 haplotypes (Senkele 12, Maze 16, shared 6). Population genetic parameters suggest only weak sub-structuring between the two populations (FST = 0.164). Despite the positive population trends in both protected areas, the spatial overlap with livestock may lead to future population decline as a result of resource competition and disease transmission. We therefore recommend further translocation to other protected areas within the species’ former range.</description><subject>Alcelaphus buselaphus</subject><subject>Competition</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Feces</subject><subject>Genetic analysis</subject><subject>Genetic diversity</subject><subject>Genetic variability</subject><subject>Grasslands</subject><subject>Habitats</subject><subject>Haplotypes</subject><subject>Hunting</subject><subject>Land settlement</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Mitochondria</subject><subject>National parks</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Population decline</subject><subject>Population genetics</subject><subject>Population statistics</subject><subject>Protected areas</subject><subject>Protected species</subject><subject>Rift valleys</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Threatened species</subject><subject>Translocation</subject><subject>Ungulate conservation</subject><issn>0030-6053</issn><issn>1365-3008</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>IKXGN</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>3HK</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kL1OwzAUhS0EEqXwAExYYmAhcJ3ETsyGqvIjVWIozJHtOI1LGgfHbdW3x4EiBsRdPJxzvnt8EToncEOAZLdzgAQY0CSGMDzODtCIJIxGCUB-iEaDHA36MTrp-2XwsDSjI1TPt2LX6qse18J5LbXuPTYtnvra2M6IO9zZbt0Ib2yLg2ZWwutrvNCt9kbhjXBGSNMYv8OiLbGyqy4IX-6t8TVuzCakrHo_RUeVaHp9tn_H6O1h-jp5imYvj8-T-1mk4oz4KFY8ryoJUnEuVSIrItO8ikkGpeAZyyRkKVDNaCVpqmKqBGNESV3xFIQqSTJGF99c5Uyo2xatdaIgkNO44DzPITguvx2dsx_r0K5Y2rVrQ6kiZpQBCSsGDvnh2L53uio6Fz7vdoFVDCcv_pw8ZJJ9RqykM-VC_6L_T30CAcODKw</recordid><startdate>20220501</startdate><enddate>20220501</enddate><creator>Tamrat, Misganaw</creator><creator>Atickem, Anagaw</creator><creator>Flagstad, Øystein</creator><creator>Fischer, Martha</creator><creator>Roos, Christian</creator><creator>Evangelista, Paul</creator><creator>Bekele, Afework</creator><creator>Stenseth, Nils Chr</creator><creator>Zinner, Dietmar</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><scope>IKXGN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>3HK</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2397-6108</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-4266</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3967-8014</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1591-5399</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220501</creationdate><title>Swayne's hartebeest in Ethiopia: population estimate, genetic variability and competition with livestock</title><author>Tamrat, Misganaw ; 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By the early 20th century, however, it was extirpated across most of its range and is now limited to two relict populations in the Ethiopian Rift Valley and categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. In this study, we estimated the size and genetic diversity of these two remaining populations, with a particular focus on competition with livestock. We used a total block count method for both Swayne's hartebeest and livestock population counts, and faecal samples for a population genetic analysis. We estimated the total population of Swayne's hartebeest to be 1,528, with 518 individuals in Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and 1,010 individuals in Maze National Park. Livestock densities were 212 and 153 times those of Swayne's hartebeest in Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and Maze National Park, respectively. Among 73 mitochondrial D-loop sequences (34 from Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary and 39 from Maze National Park), we found 22 haplotypes (Senkele 12, Maze 16, shared 6). Population genetic parameters suggest only weak sub-structuring between the two populations (FST = 0.164). Despite the positive population trends in both protected areas, the spatial overlap with livestock may lead to future population decline as a result of resource competition and disease transmission. We therefore recommend further translocation to other protected areas within the species’ former range.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><doi>10.1017/S0030605320000927</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2397-6108</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-4266</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3967-8014</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1591-5399</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Alcelaphus buselaphus Competition Disease transmission Feces Genetic analysis Genetic diversity Genetic variability Grasslands Habitats Haplotypes Hunting Land settlement Livestock Mitochondria National parks Population Population decline Population genetics Population statistics Protected areas Protected species Rift valleys Rivers Threatened species Translocation Ungulate conservation |
| title | Swayne's hartebeest in Ethiopia: population estimate, genetic variability and competition with livestock |
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