Pupillary and behavioral markers of alerting and orienting: An individual difference approach
•We find evidence in favor of the dual mechanism account of spatial attention.•Both behavioral and pupillary responses revealed the alerting effect.•Behavioral responses, but not the pupillary responses, also revealed orienting effect.•Both behavioral and pupillary estimates of alertness and orienti...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Brain and cognition 2020-08, Vol.143, p.105597-105597, Article 105597 |
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description | •We find evidence in favor of the dual mechanism account of spatial attention.•Both behavioral and pupillary responses revealed the alerting effect.•Behavioral responses, but not the pupillary responses, also revealed orienting effect.•Both behavioral and pupillary estimates of alertness and orienting were uncorrelated.•Individual differences in general cognitive abilities (i.e., working memory capacity and the g factor) did not appear to affect the orienting and alerting mechanisms.
Measuring task-evoked pupillary (TEP) responses as an index of phasic activity in the locus coeruleus (LC), we examined two competing hypotheses regarding the alerting and orienting mechanisms of attention. According to a dual mechanism account (Fernandez-Duque & Posner, 1997), two separate noradrenergic and cholinergic mechanisms modulate, respectively, the alerting and orienting effects. However, Corbetta and colleagues (2008) proposed that LC phasic activity may also be involved in orienting effect through its functional relationship with the ventral attentional network. We recruited seventy-five healthy Norwegian participants to perform a Posner cueing task. Both behavioral and pupillary responses revealed the alerting effect. Also, both behavioral and pupillary responses indicated that cued attention is affected by age. Behavioral responses also revealed orienting effect However, we found no TEP differences between valid, invalid, and neutral conditions, suggesting that TEP effects were driven by the alerting effect of cue presentation. Moreover, both behavioral and pupillary estimates of alertness and orienting were uncorrelated. Finally, individual differences in general cognitive abilities did not appear to affect the orienting and alerting mechanisms. This pattern of results is consistent with the dual mechanism account of attention. However, the LC involvement in the (re)orienting attention may be driven by state-specific factors. |
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Measuring task-evoked pupillary (TEP) responses as an index of phasic activity in the locus coeruleus (LC), we examined two competing hypotheses regarding the alerting and orienting mechanisms of attention. According to a dual mechanism account (Fernandez-Duque & Posner, 1997), two separate noradrenergic and cholinergic mechanisms modulate, respectively, the alerting and orienting effects. However, Corbetta and colleagues (2008) proposed that LC phasic activity may also be involved in orienting effect through its functional relationship with the ventral attentional network. We recruited seventy-five healthy Norwegian participants to perform a Posner cueing task. Both behavioral and pupillary responses revealed the alerting effect. Also, both behavioral and pupillary responses indicated that cued attention is affected by age. Behavioral responses also revealed orienting effect However, we found no TEP differences between valid, invalid, and neutral conditions, suggesting that TEP effects were driven by the alerting effect of cue presentation. Moreover, both behavioral and pupillary estimates of alertness and orienting were uncorrelated. Finally, individual differences in general cognitive abilities did not appear to affect the orienting and alerting mechanisms. This pattern of results is consistent with the dual mechanism account of attention. However, the LC involvement in the (re)orienting attention may be driven by state-specific factors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0278-2626</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1090-2147</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105597</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32673900</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Attention ; Cognitive abilities ; Cognitive ability ; Cues ; Humans ; Individuality ; Locus coeruleus ; Locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system ; Norepinephrine ; Posner cueing task ; Pupil ; Reaction Time ; Task-evoked pupil size ; Visuospatial attention</subject><ispartof>Brain and cognition, 2020-08, Vol.143, p.105597-105597, Article 105597</ispartof><rights>2020 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Science Aug 2020</rights><rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-c62c235d1e6cf2d68e10ea30f395af7250c90e5da62d209a663fda4f249267633</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-c62c235d1e6cf2d68e10ea30f395af7250c90e5da62d209a663fda4f249267633</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105597$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3550,26567,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32673900$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Aminihajibashi, Samira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hagen, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laeng, Bruno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Espeseth, Thomas</creatorcontrib><title>Pupillary and behavioral markers of alerting and orienting: An individual difference approach</title><title>Brain and cognition</title><addtitle>Brain Cogn</addtitle><description>•We find evidence in favor of the dual mechanism account of spatial attention.•Both behavioral and pupillary responses revealed the alerting effect.•Behavioral responses, but not the pupillary responses, also revealed orienting effect.•Both behavioral and pupillary estimates of alertness and orienting were uncorrelated.•Individual differences in general cognitive abilities (i.e., working memory capacity and the g factor) did not appear to affect the orienting and alerting mechanisms.
Measuring task-evoked pupillary (TEP) responses as an index of phasic activity in the locus coeruleus (LC), we examined two competing hypotheses regarding the alerting and orienting mechanisms of attention. According to a dual mechanism account (Fernandez-Duque & Posner, 1997), two separate noradrenergic and cholinergic mechanisms modulate, respectively, the alerting and orienting effects. However, Corbetta and colleagues (2008) proposed that LC phasic activity may also be involved in orienting effect through its functional relationship with the ventral attentional network. We recruited seventy-five healthy Norwegian participants to perform a Posner cueing task. Both behavioral and pupillary responses revealed the alerting effect. Also, both behavioral and pupillary responses indicated that cued attention is affected by age. Behavioral responses also revealed orienting effect However, we found no TEP differences between valid, invalid, and neutral conditions, suggesting that TEP effects were driven by the alerting effect of cue presentation. Moreover, both behavioral and pupillary estimates of alertness and orienting were uncorrelated. Finally, individual differences in general cognitive abilities did not appear to affect the orienting and alerting mechanisms. This pattern of results is consistent with the dual mechanism account of attention. However, the LC involvement in the (re)orienting attention may be driven by state-specific factors.</description><subject>Attention</subject><subject>Cognitive abilities</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Cues</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Individuality</subject><subject>Locus coeruleus</subject><subject>Locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system</subject><subject>Norepinephrine</subject><subject>Posner cueing task</subject><subject>Pupil</subject><subject>Reaction Time</subject><subject>Task-evoked pupil size</subject><subject>Visuospatial attention</subject><issn>0278-2626</issn><issn>1090-2147</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>3HK</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU9v1DAQxS0EokvhEyBBJC5csozHsZMgcagq_kmV4ABHZHntMfWSTRZ7s1K_PZNuy4EDJ2us38x7M0-I5xLWEqR5s11v3Bj8GgGXH6379oFYSeihRtm0D8UKsO1qNGjOxJNStgDQN4iPxZlC06oeYCV-fJ33aRhcvql4WLWha3dMU3ZDtXP5F-VSTbFyA-VDGn_eIlNONC7V2-pirNIY0jGFmRtCipEyjZ4qt9_nyfnrp-JRdEOhZ3fvufj-4f23y0_11ZePny8vrmrfaHOovUGPSgdJxkcMpiMJ5BRE1WsXW9TgeyAdnMGA0DtjVAyuidj0vIhR6ly8PM31ORX2ZkdewUroNNpOKwAmXp8INvZ7pnKwu1Q88eYjTXOx2LAKYNcgo6_-QbfTnEf2z1SjjDRaSabUveRUSqZo9znxzW5Y1i752K29zccu-dhTPtz14m72vNlR-NtzHwgD704A8bmOibItPi03DSmTP9gwpf8K_AFnS5-J</recordid><startdate>20200801</startdate><enddate>20200801</enddate><creator>Aminihajibashi, Samira</creator><creator>Hagen, Thomas</creator><creator>Laeng, Bruno</creator><creator>Espeseth, Thomas</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>3HK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200801</creationdate><title>Pupillary and behavioral markers of alerting and orienting: An individual difference approach</title><author>Aminihajibashi, Samira ; Hagen, Thomas ; Laeng, Bruno ; Espeseth, Thomas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-c62c235d1e6cf2d68e10ea30f395af7250c90e5da62d209a663fda4f249267633</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Attention</topic><topic>Cognitive abilities</topic><topic>Cognitive ability</topic><topic>Cues</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Individuality</topic><topic>Locus coeruleus</topic><topic>Locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system</topic><topic>Norepinephrine</topic><topic>Posner cueing task</topic><topic>Pupil</topic><topic>Reaction Time</topic><topic>Task-evoked pupil size</topic><topic>Visuospatial attention</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Aminihajibashi, Samira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hagen, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laeng, Bruno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Espeseth, Thomas</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives</collection><jtitle>Brain and cognition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Aminihajibashi, Samira</au><au>Hagen, Thomas</au><au>Laeng, Bruno</au><au>Espeseth, Thomas</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Pupillary and behavioral markers of alerting and orienting: An individual difference approach</atitle><jtitle>Brain and cognition</jtitle><addtitle>Brain Cogn</addtitle><date>2020-08-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>143</volume><spage>105597</spage><epage>105597</epage><pages>105597-105597</pages><artnum>105597</artnum><issn>0278-2626</issn><eissn>1090-2147</eissn><abstract>•We find evidence in favor of the dual mechanism account of spatial attention.•Both behavioral and pupillary responses revealed the alerting effect.•Behavioral responses, but not the pupillary responses, also revealed orienting effect.•Both behavioral and pupillary estimates of alertness and orienting were uncorrelated.•Individual differences in general cognitive abilities (i.e., working memory capacity and the g factor) did not appear to affect the orienting and alerting mechanisms.
Measuring task-evoked pupillary (TEP) responses as an index of phasic activity in the locus coeruleus (LC), we examined two competing hypotheses regarding the alerting and orienting mechanisms of attention. According to a dual mechanism account (Fernandez-Duque & Posner, 1997), two separate noradrenergic and cholinergic mechanisms modulate, respectively, the alerting and orienting effects. However, Corbetta and colleagues (2008) proposed that LC phasic activity may also be involved in orienting effect through its functional relationship with the ventral attentional network. We recruited seventy-five healthy Norwegian participants to perform a Posner cueing task. Both behavioral and pupillary responses revealed the alerting effect. Also, both behavioral and pupillary responses indicated that cued attention is affected by age. Behavioral responses also revealed orienting effect However, we found no TEP differences between valid, invalid, and neutral conditions, suggesting that TEP effects were driven by the alerting effect of cue presentation. Moreover, both behavioral and pupillary estimates of alertness and orienting were uncorrelated. Finally, individual differences in general cognitive abilities did not appear to affect the orienting and alerting mechanisms. This pattern of results is consistent with the dual mechanism account of attention. However, the LC involvement in the (re)orienting attention may be driven by state-specific factors.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>32673900</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105597</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Attention Cognitive abilities Cognitive ability Cues Humans Individuality Locus coeruleus Locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system Norepinephrine Posner cueing task Pupil Reaction Time Task-evoked pupil size Visuospatial attention |
title | Pupillary and behavioral markers of alerting and orienting: An individual difference approach |
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