Genome-wide analyses of vocabulary size in infancy and toddlerhood: associations with ADHD, literacy and cognition-related traits
Background The number of words children produce (expressive vocabulary) and understand (receptive vocabulary) changes rapidly during early development, partially due to genetic factors. Here, we performed a meta–genome-wide association study of vocabulary acquisition and investigated polygenic overl...
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| creator | Verhoef, Ellen Allegrini, Andrea G Jansen, Philip R Lange, Katherine Wang, Carol A Morgan, Angela Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S Symeonides, Christos Eising, Else Franken, Marie-Christine Hypponen, Elina Mansell, Toby Olislagers, Mitchell Omerovic, Emina Rimfeld, Kaili Schlag, Fenja Selzam, Saskia Shapland, Chin Yang Tiemeier, Henning Whitehouse, Andrew J.O Saffery, Richard Bønnelykke, Klaus Reilly, Sheena Pennell, Craig E Wake, Melissa Cecil, Charlotte A. M Plomin, Robert Fisher, Simon E St Pourcain, Beate Andreassen, Ole Bartels, Meike Boomsma, Dorret Dale, Philip S Ehli, Erik Fernandez-Orth, Dietmar Guxens, Mònica Hakulinen, Christian Harris, Kathleen Mullan Haworth, Simon de Hoyos, Lucía Jaddoe, Vincent Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa Lehtimäki, Terho Middeldorp, Christel Min, Josine L Mishra, Pashupati P Njølstad, Pål Rasmus Sunyer, Jordi Tate, Ashley E Timpson, Nicholas van der Laan, Camiel Vrijheid, Martine Vuoksimaa, Eero Whipp, Alyce M Ystrøm, Eivind |
| description | Background
The number of words children produce (expressive vocabulary) and understand (receptive vocabulary) changes rapidly during early development, partially due to genetic factors. Here, we performed a meta–genome-wide association study of vocabulary acquisition and investigated polygenic overlap with literacy, cognition, developmental phenotypes, and neurodevelopmental conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods
We studied 37,913 parent-reported vocabulary size measures (English, Dutch, Danish) for 17,298 children of European descent. Meta-analyses were performed for early-phase expressive (infancy, 15–18 months), late-phase expressive (toddlerhood, 24–38 months), and late-phase receptive (toddlerhood, 24–38 months) vocabulary. Subsequently, we estimated single nucleotide polymorphism–based heritability (SNP-h2) and genetic correlations (rg) and modeled underlying factor structures with multivariate models.
Results
Early-life vocabulary size was modestly heritable (SNP-h2 = 0.08–0.24). Genetic overlap between infant expressive and toddler receptive vocabulary was negligible (rg = 0.07), although each measure was moderately related to toddler expressive vocabulary (rg = 0.69 and rg = 0.67, respectively), suggesting a multifactorial genetic architecture. Both infant and toddler expressive vocabulary were genetically linked to literacy (e.g., spelling: rg = 0.58 and rg = 0.79, respectively), underlining genetic similarity. However, a genetic association of early-life vocabulary with educational attainment and intelligence emerged only during toddlerhood (e.g., receptive vocabulary and intelligence: rg = 0.36). Increased ADHD risk was genetically associated with larger infant expressive vocabulary (rg = 0.23). Multivariate genetic models in the ALSPAC (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) cohort confirmed this finding for ADHD symptoms (e.g., at age 13; rg = 0.54) but showed that the association effect reversed for toddler receptive vocabulary (rg = −0.74), highlighting developmental heterogeneity.
Conclusions
The genetic architecture of early-life vocabulary changes during development, shaping polygenic association patterns with later-life ADHD, literacy, and cognition-related traits. |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>cristin</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_cristin_nora_10852_109414</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>10852_109414</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-cristin_nora_10852_1094143</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNjOFKAzEQhINY8LS-wz6AgVzutNV_YtU-gP_LmuzZlZiFbLSc_3xzI_QBhGGGgW_mxHT9ejVYPzp_ajrn3I0dvB_OzLnqe6sr7_vO_DxTlg-yB44EmDHNSgoywZcEfP1MWGZQ_ibg3DRhDnPDIlSJMVHZi8Q7QFUJjJUlKxy47uF-s91cQeJKBY-LIG-Z_xBbKGGl9lGQqy7NYsKkdHnMCwNPjy8PWxsKa-W8y1Jw17v1tW9-O_bj8A_kF6W6TwY</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Genome-wide analyses of vocabulary size in infancy and toddlerhood: associations with ADHD, literacy and cognition-related traits</title><source>NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Verhoef, Ellen ; Allegrini, Andrea G ; Jansen, Philip R ; Lange, Katherine ; Wang, Carol A ; Morgan, Angela ; Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S ; Symeonides, Christos ; Eising, Else ; Franken, Marie-Christine ; Hypponen, Elina ; Mansell, Toby ; Olislagers, Mitchell ; Omerovic, Emina ; Rimfeld, Kaili ; Schlag, Fenja ; Selzam, Saskia ; Shapland, Chin Yang ; Tiemeier, Henning ; Whitehouse, Andrew J.O ; Saffery, Richard ; Bønnelykke, Klaus ; Reilly, Sheena ; Pennell, Craig E ; Wake, Melissa ; Cecil, Charlotte A. M ; Plomin, Robert ; Fisher, Simon E ; St Pourcain, Beate ; Andreassen, Ole ; Bartels, Meike ; Boomsma, Dorret ; Dale, Philip S ; Ehli, Erik ; Fernandez-Orth, Dietmar ; Guxens, Mònica ; Hakulinen, Christian ; Harris, Kathleen Mullan ; Haworth, Simon ; de Hoyos, Lucía ; Jaddoe, Vincent ; Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa ; Lehtimäki, Terho ; Middeldorp, Christel ; Min, Josine L ; Mishra, Pashupati P ; Njølstad, Pål Rasmus ; Sunyer, Jordi ; Tate, Ashley E ; Timpson, Nicholas ; van der Laan, Camiel ; Vrijheid, Martine ; Vuoksimaa, Eero ; Whipp, Alyce M ; Ystrøm, Eivind</creator><creatorcontrib>Verhoef, Ellen ; Allegrini, Andrea G ; Jansen, Philip R ; Lange, Katherine ; Wang, Carol A ; Morgan, Angela ; Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S ; Symeonides, Christos ; Eising, Else ; Franken, Marie-Christine ; Hypponen, Elina ; Mansell, Toby ; Olislagers, Mitchell ; Omerovic, Emina ; Rimfeld, Kaili ; Schlag, Fenja ; Selzam, Saskia ; Shapland, Chin Yang ; Tiemeier, Henning ; Whitehouse, Andrew J.O ; Saffery, Richard ; Bønnelykke, Klaus ; Reilly, Sheena ; Pennell, Craig E ; Wake, Melissa ; Cecil, Charlotte A. M ; Plomin, Robert ; Fisher, Simon E ; St Pourcain, Beate ; Andreassen, Ole ; Bartels, Meike ; Boomsma, Dorret ; Dale, Philip S ; Ehli, Erik ; Fernandez-Orth, Dietmar ; Guxens, Mònica ; Hakulinen, Christian ; Harris, Kathleen Mullan ; Haworth, Simon ; de Hoyos, Lucía ; Jaddoe, Vincent ; Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa ; Lehtimäki, Terho ; Middeldorp, Christel ; Min, Josine L ; Mishra, Pashupati P ; Njølstad, Pål Rasmus ; Sunyer, Jordi ; Tate, Ashley E ; Timpson, Nicholas ; van der Laan, Camiel ; Vrijheid, Martine ; Vuoksimaa, Eero ; Whipp, Alyce M ; Ystrøm, Eivind</creatorcontrib><description>Background
The number of words children produce (expressive vocabulary) and understand (receptive vocabulary) changes rapidly during early development, partially due to genetic factors. Here, we performed a meta–genome-wide association study of vocabulary acquisition and investigated polygenic overlap with literacy, cognition, developmental phenotypes, and neurodevelopmental conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods
We studied 37,913 parent-reported vocabulary size measures (English, Dutch, Danish) for 17,298 children of European descent. Meta-analyses were performed for early-phase expressive (infancy, 15–18 months), late-phase expressive (toddlerhood, 24–38 months), and late-phase receptive (toddlerhood, 24–38 months) vocabulary. Subsequently, we estimated single nucleotide polymorphism–based heritability (SNP-h2) and genetic correlations (rg) and modeled underlying factor structures with multivariate models.
Results
Early-life vocabulary size was modestly heritable (SNP-h2 = 0.08–0.24). Genetic overlap between infant expressive and toddler receptive vocabulary was negligible (rg = 0.07), although each measure was moderately related to toddler expressive vocabulary (rg = 0.69 and rg = 0.67, respectively), suggesting a multifactorial genetic architecture. Both infant and toddler expressive vocabulary were genetically linked to literacy (e.g., spelling: rg = 0.58 and rg = 0.79, respectively), underlining genetic similarity. However, a genetic association of early-life vocabulary with educational attainment and intelligence emerged only during toddlerhood (e.g., receptive vocabulary and intelligence: rg = 0.36). Increased ADHD risk was genetically associated with larger infant expressive vocabulary (rg = 0.23). Multivariate genetic models in the ALSPAC (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) cohort confirmed this finding for ADHD symptoms (e.g., at age 13; rg = 0.54) but showed that the association effect reversed for toddler receptive vocabulary (rg = −0.74), highlighting developmental heterogeneity.
Conclusions
The genetic architecture of early-life vocabulary changes during development, shaping polygenic association patterns with later-life ADHD, literacy, and cognition-related traits.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0006-3223</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2402</identifier><language>nor</language><ispartof>Biological psychiatry (1969), 2023</ispartof><rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,4010,26544</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Verhoef, Ellen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allegrini, Andrea G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jansen, Philip R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lange, Katherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Carol A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morgan, Angela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Symeonides, Christos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eising, Else</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Franken, Marie-Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hypponen, Elina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mansell, Toby</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olislagers, Mitchell</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Omerovic, Emina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rimfeld, Kaili</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schlag, Fenja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Selzam, Saskia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shapland, Chin Yang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tiemeier, Henning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whitehouse, Andrew J.O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saffery, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bønnelykke, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reilly, Sheena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pennell, Craig E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wake, Melissa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cecil, Charlotte A. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Plomin, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fisher, Simon E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>St Pourcain, Beate</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andreassen, Ole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bartels, Meike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boomsma, Dorret</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dale, Philip S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehli, Erik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez-Orth, Dietmar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guxens, Mònica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hakulinen, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, Kathleen Mullan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haworth, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Hoyos, Lucía</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jaddoe, Vincent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lehtimäki, Terho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Middeldorp, Christel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Min, Josine L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mishra, Pashupati P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Njølstad, Pål Rasmus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sunyer, Jordi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tate, Ashley E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Timpson, Nicholas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Laan, Camiel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vrijheid, Martine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vuoksimaa, Eero</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whipp, Alyce M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ystrøm, Eivind</creatorcontrib><title>Genome-wide analyses of vocabulary size in infancy and toddlerhood: associations with ADHD, literacy and cognition-related traits</title><title>Biological psychiatry (1969)</title><description>Background
The number of words children produce (expressive vocabulary) and understand (receptive vocabulary) changes rapidly during early development, partially due to genetic factors. Here, we performed a meta–genome-wide association study of vocabulary acquisition and investigated polygenic overlap with literacy, cognition, developmental phenotypes, and neurodevelopmental conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods
We studied 37,913 parent-reported vocabulary size measures (English, Dutch, Danish) for 17,298 children of European descent. Meta-analyses were performed for early-phase expressive (infancy, 15–18 months), late-phase expressive (toddlerhood, 24–38 months), and late-phase receptive (toddlerhood, 24–38 months) vocabulary. Subsequently, we estimated single nucleotide polymorphism–based heritability (SNP-h2) and genetic correlations (rg) and modeled underlying factor structures with multivariate models.
Results
Early-life vocabulary size was modestly heritable (SNP-h2 = 0.08–0.24). Genetic overlap between infant expressive and toddler receptive vocabulary was negligible (rg = 0.07), although each measure was moderately related to toddler expressive vocabulary (rg = 0.69 and rg = 0.67, respectively), suggesting a multifactorial genetic architecture. Both infant and toddler expressive vocabulary were genetically linked to literacy (e.g., spelling: rg = 0.58 and rg = 0.79, respectively), underlining genetic similarity. However, a genetic association of early-life vocabulary with educational attainment and intelligence emerged only during toddlerhood (e.g., receptive vocabulary and intelligence: rg = 0.36). Increased ADHD risk was genetically associated with larger infant expressive vocabulary (rg = 0.23). Multivariate genetic models in the ALSPAC (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) cohort confirmed this finding for ADHD symptoms (e.g., at age 13; rg = 0.54) but showed that the association effect reversed for toddler receptive vocabulary (rg = −0.74), highlighting developmental heterogeneity.
Conclusions
The genetic architecture of early-life vocabulary changes during development, shaping polygenic association patterns with later-life ADHD, literacy, and cognition-related traits.</description><issn>0006-3223</issn><issn>1873-2402</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>3HK</sourceid><recordid>eNqNjOFKAzEQhINY8LS-wz6AgVzutNV_YtU-gP_LmuzZlZiFbLSc_3xzI_QBhGGGgW_mxHT9ejVYPzp_ajrn3I0dvB_OzLnqe6sr7_vO_DxTlg-yB44EmDHNSgoywZcEfP1MWGZQ_ibg3DRhDnPDIlSJMVHZi8Q7QFUJjJUlKxy47uF-s91cQeJKBY-LIG-Z_xBbKGGl9lGQqy7NYsKkdHnMCwNPjy8PWxsKa-W8y1Jw17v1tW9-O_bj8A_kF6W6TwY</recordid><startdate>2023</startdate><enddate>2023</enddate><creator>Verhoef, Ellen</creator><creator>Allegrini, Andrea G</creator><creator>Jansen, Philip R</creator><creator>Lange, Katherine</creator><creator>Wang, Carol A</creator><creator>Morgan, Angela</creator><creator>Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S</creator><creator>Symeonides, Christos</creator><creator>Eising, Else</creator><creator>Franken, Marie-Christine</creator><creator>Hypponen, Elina</creator><creator>Mansell, Toby</creator><creator>Olislagers, Mitchell</creator><creator>Omerovic, Emina</creator><creator>Rimfeld, Kaili</creator><creator>Schlag, Fenja</creator><creator>Selzam, Saskia</creator><creator>Shapland, Chin Yang</creator><creator>Tiemeier, Henning</creator><creator>Whitehouse, Andrew J.O</creator><creator>Saffery, Richard</creator><creator>Bønnelykke, Klaus</creator><creator>Reilly, Sheena</creator><creator>Pennell, Craig E</creator><creator>Wake, Melissa</creator><creator>Cecil, Charlotte A. M</creator><creator>Plomin, Robert</creator><creator>Fisher, Simon E</creator><creator>St Pourcain, Beate</creator><creator>Andreassen, Ole</creator><creator>Bartels, Meike</creator><creator>Boomsma, Dorret</creator><creator>Dale, Philip S</creator><creator>Ehli, Erik</creator><creator>Fernandez-Orth, Dietmar</creator><creator>Guxens, Mònica</creator><creator>Hakulinen, Christian</creator><creator>Harris, Kathleen Mullan</creator><creator>Haworth, Simon</creator><creator>de Hoyos, Lucía</creator><creator>Jaddoe, Vincent</creator><creator>Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa</creator><creator>Lehtimäki, Terho</creator><creator>Middeldorp, Christel</creator><creator>Min, Josine L</creator><creator>Mishra, Pashupati P</creator><creator>Njølstad, Pål Rasmus</creator><creator>Sunyer, Jordi</creator><creator>Tate, Ashley E</creator><creator>Timpson, Nicholas</creator><creator>van der Laan, Camiel</creator><creator>Vrijheid, Martine</creator><creator>Vuoksimaa, Eero</creator><creator>Whipp, Alyce M</creator><creator>Ystrøm, Eivind</creator><scope>3HK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2023</creationdate><title>Genome-wide analyses of vocabulary size in infancy and toddlerhood: associations with ADHD, literacy and cognition-related traits</title><author>Verhoef, Ellen ; Allegrini, Andrea G ; Jansen, Philip R ; Lange, Katherine ; Wang, Carol A ; Morgan, Angela ; Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S ; Symeonides, Christos ; Eising, Else ; Franken, Marie-Christine ; Hypponen, Elina ; Mansell, Toby ; Olislagers, Mitchell ; Omerovic, Emina ; Rimfeld, Kaili ; Schlag, Fenja ; Selzam, Saskia ; Shapland, Chin Yang ; Tiemeier, Henning ; Whitehouse, Andrew J.O ; Saffery, Richard ; Bønnelykke, Klaus ; Reilly, Sheena ; Pennell, Craig E ; Wake, Melissa ; Cecil, Charlotte A. M ; Plomin, Robert ; Fisher, Simon E ; St Pourcain, Beate ; Andreassen, Ole ; Bartels, Meike ; Boomsma, Dorret ; Dale, Philip S ; Ehli, Erik ; Fernandez-Orth, Dietmar ; Guxens, Mònica ; Hakulinen, Christian ; Harris, Kathleen Mullan ; Haworth, Simon ; de Hoyos, Lucía ; Jaddoe, Vincent ; Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa ; Lehtimäki, Terho ; Middeldorp, Christel ; Min, Josine L ; Mishra, Pashupati P ; Njølstad, Pål Rasmus ; Sunyer, Jordi ; Tate, Ashley E ; Timpson, Nicholas ; van der Laan, Camiel ; Vrijheid, Martine ; Vuoksimaa, Eero ; Whipp, Alyce M ; Ystrøm, Eivind</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-cristin_nora_10852_1094143</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>nor</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Verhoef, Ellen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allegrini, Andrea G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jansen, Philip R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lange, Katherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Carol A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morgan, Angela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Symeonides, Christos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eising, Else</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Franken, Marie-Christine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hypponen, Elina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mansell, Toby</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olislagers, Mitchell</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Omerovic, Emina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rimfeld, Kaili</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schlag, Fenja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Selzam, Saskia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shapland, Chin Yang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tiemeier, Henning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whitehouse, Andrew J.O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saffery, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bønnelykke, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reilly, Sheena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pennell, Craig E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wake, Melissa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cecil, Charlotte A. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Plomin, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fisher, Simon E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>St Pourcain, Beate</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andreassen, Ole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bartels, Meike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boomsma, Dorret</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dale, Philip S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ehli, Erik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez-Orth, Dietmar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guxens, Mònica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hakulinen, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, Kathleen Mullan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haworth, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Hoyos, Lucía</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jaddoe, Vincent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lehtimäki, Terho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Middeldorp, Christel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Min, Josine L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mishra, Pashupati P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Njølstad, Pål Rasmus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sunyer, Jordi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tate, Ashley E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Timpson, Nicholas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Laan, Camiel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vrijheid, Martine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vuoksimaa, Eero</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whipp, Alyce M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ystrøm, Eivind</creatorcontrib><collection>NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives</collection><jtitle>Biological psychiatry (1969)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Verhoef, Ellen</au><au>Allegrini, Andrea G</au><au>Jansen, Philip R</au><au>Lange, Katherine</au><au>Wang, Carol A</au><au>Morgan, Angela</au><au>Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S</au><au>Symeonides, Christos</au><au>Eising, Else</au><au>Franken, Marie-Christine</au><au>Hypponen, Elina</au><au>Mansell, Toby</au><au>Olislagers, Mitchell</au><au>Omerovic, Emina</au><au>Rimfeld, Kaili</au><au>Schlag, Fenja</au><au>Selzam, Saskia</au><au>Shapland, Chin Yang</au><au>Tiemeier, Henning</au><au>Whitehouse, Andrew J.O</au><au>Saffery, Richard</au><au>Bønnelykke, Klaus</au><au>Reilly, Sheena</au><au>Pennell, Craig E</au><au>Wake, Melissa</au><au>Cecil, Charlotte A. M</au><au>Plomin, Robert</au><au>Fisher, Simon E</au><au>St Pourcain, Beate</au><au>Andreassen, Ole</au><au>Bartels, Meike</au><au>Boomsma, Dorret</au><au>Dale, Philip S</au><au>Ehli, Erik</au><au>Fernandez-Orth, Dietmar</au><au>Guxens, Mònica</au><au>Hakulinen, Christian</au><au>Harris, Kathleen Mullan</au><au>Haworth, Simon</au><au>de Hoyos, Lucía</au><au>Jaddoe, Vincent</au><au>Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa</au><au>Lehtimäki, Terho</au><au>Middeldorp, Christel</au><au>Min, Josine L</au><au>Mishra, Pashupati P</au><au>Njølstad, Pål Rasmus</au><au>Sunyer, Jordi</au><au>Tate, Ashley E</au><au>Timpson, Nicholas</au><au>van der Laan, Camiel</au><au>Vrijheid, Martine</au><au>Vuoksimaa, Eero</au><au>Whipp, Alyce M</au><au>Ystrøm, Eivind</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Genome-wide analyses of vocabulary size in infancy and toddlerhood: associations with ADHD, literacy and cognition-related traits</atitle><jtitle>Biological psychiatry (1969)</jtitle><date>2023</date><risdate>2023</risdate><issn>0006-3223</issn><eissn>1873-2402</eissn><abstract>Background
The number of words children produce (expressive vocabulary) and understand (receptive vocabulary) changes rapidly during early development, partially due to genetic factors. Here, we performed a meta–genome-wide association study of vocabulary acquisition and investigated polygenic overlap with literacy, cognition, developmental phenotypes, and neurodevelopmental conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods
We studied 37,913 parent-reported vocabulary size measures (English, Dutch, Danish) for 17,298 children of European descent. Meta-analyses were performed for early-phase expressive (infancy, 15–18 months), late-phase expressive (toddlerhood, 24–38 months), and late-phase receptive (toddlerhood, 24–38 months) vocabulary. Subsequently, we estimated single nucleotide polymorphism–based heritability (SNP-h2) and genetic correlations (rg) and modeled underlying factor structures with multivariate models.
Results
Early-life vocabulary size was modestly heritable (SNP-h2 = 0.08–0.24). Genetic overlap between infant expressive and toddler receptive vocabulary was negligible (rg = 0.07), although each measure was moderately related to toddler expressive vocabulary (rg = 0.69 and rg = 0.67, respectively), suggesting a multifactorial genetic architecture. Both infant and toddler expressive vocabulary were genetically linked to literacy (e.g., spelling: rg = 0.58 and rg = 0.79, respectively), underlining genetic similarity. However, a genetic association of early-life vocabulary with educational attainment and intelligence emerged only during toddlerhood (e.g., receptive vocabulary and intelligence: rg = 0.36). Increased ADHD risk was genetically associated with larger infant expressive vocabulary (rg = 0.23). Multivariate genetic models in the ALSPAC (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) cohort confirmed this finding for ADHD symptoms (e.g., at age 13; rg = 0.54) but showed that the association effect reversed for toddler receptive vocabulary (rg = −0.74), highlighting developmental heterogeneity.
Conclusions
The genetic architecture of early-life vocabulary changes during development, shaping polygenic association patterns with later-life ADHD, literacy, and cognition-related traits.</abstract><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0006-3223 |
| ispartof | Biological psychiatry (1969), 2023 |
| issn | 0006-3223 1873-2402 |
| language | nor |
| recordid | cdi_cristin_nora_10852_109414 |
| source | NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| title | Genome-wide analyses of vocabulary size in infancy and toddlerhood: associations with ADHD, literacy and cognition-related traits |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-14T23%3A22%3A08IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-cristin&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Genome-wide%20analyses%20of%20vocabulary%20size%20in%20infancy%20and%20toddlerhood:%20associations%20with%20ADHD,%20literacy%20and%20cognition-related%20traits&rft.jtitle=Biological%20psychiatry%20(1969)&rft.au=Verhoef,%20Ellen&rft.date=2023&rft.issn=0006-3223&rft.eissn=1873-2402&rft_id=info:doi/&rft_dat=%3Ccristin%3E10852_109414%3C/cristin%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |