The Compositions of Rocky Planets in Close-in Orbits Tend to be Earth-Like
Hundreds of exoplanets between 1-1.8 times the size of the Earth have been discovered on close in orbits. However, these planets show such a diversity in densities that some appear to be made entirely of iron, while others appear to host gaseous envelopes. To test this diversity in composition, we u...
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| creator | Brinkman, Casey L Weiss, Lauren M Huber, Daniel Lee, Rena A Kolecki, Jared Tenn, Gwyneth Zhang, Jingwen Narayanan, Suchitra Polanski, Alex S Dai, Fei Bean, Jacob L Beard, Corey Brady, Madison Brodheim, Max Brown, Matt Deich, William Edelstein, Jerry Fulton, Benjamin J Giacalone, Steven Gibson, Steven R Gilbert, Gregory J Halverson, Samuel Handley, Luke Hill, Grant M Holcomb, Rae Holden, Bradford Householder, Aaron Howard, Andrew W Isaacson, Howard Kaye, Stephen Laher, Russ R Lanclos, Kyle Ong, J. M. Joel Payne, Joel Petigura, Eric A Pidhorodetska, Daria Poppett, Claire Roy, Arpita Rubenzahl, Ryan Saunders, Nicholas Schwab, Christian Seifahrt, Andreas Shaum, Abby P Sirk, Martin M Smith, Chris Smith, Roger Stefánsson, Guðmundur Stürmer, Julian Thorne, Jim Turtelboom, Emma V Tyler, Dakotah Valliant, John Van Zandt, Judah Walawender, Josh Yee, Samuel W Yeh, Sherry Zink, Jon |
| description | Hundreds of exoplanets between 1-1.8 times the size of the Earth have been
discovered on close in orbits. However, these planets show such a diversity in
densities that some appear to be made entirely of iron, while others appear to
host gaseous envelopes. To test this diversity in composition, we update the
masses of 5 rocky exoplanets (HD 93963 A b, Kepler-10 b, Kepler-100 b,
Kepler-407 b, and TOI-1444 b) and present the confirmation of a new planet
(TOI-1011) using 187 high precision RVs from Gemini/MAROON-X and Keck/KPF. Our
updated planet masses suggest compositions closer to that of the Earth than
previous literature values for all planets in our sample. In particular, we
report that two previously identified ``super-Mercuries'' (Kepler-100 b and HD
93963 A b) have lower masses that suggest less iron-rich compositions. We then
compare the ratio of iron to rock-building species to the abundance ratios of
those elements in their host stars. These updated planet compositions do not
suggest a steep relationship between planet and host star compositions,
contradictory to previous results, and suggest that planets and host stars have
similar abundance ratios. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.48550/arxiv.2410.00213 |
| format | Article |
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discovered on close in orbits. However, these planets show such a diversity in
densities that some appear to be made entirely of iron, while others appear to
host gaseous envelopes. To test this diversity in composition, we update the
masses of 5 rocky exoplanets (HD 93963 A b, Kepler-10 b, Kepler-100 b,
Kepler-407 b, and TOI-1444 b) and present the confirmation of a new planet
(TOI-1011) using 187 high precision RVs from Gemini/MAROON-X and Keck/KPF. Our
updated planet masses suggest compositions closer to that of the Earth than
previous literature values for all planets in our sample. In particular, we
report that two previously identified ``super-Mercuries'' (Kepler-100 b and HD
93963 A b) have lower masses that suggest less iron-rich compositions. We then
compare the ratio of iron to rock-building species to the abundance ratios of
those elements in their host stars. These updated planet compositions do not
suggest a steep relationship between planet and host star compositions,
contradictory to previous results, and suggest that planets and host stars have
similar abundance ratios.</description><identifier>DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2410.00213</identifier><language>eng</language><subject>Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ; Physics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics</subject><creationdate>2024-09</creationdate><rights>http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>228,230,776,881</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://arxiv.org/abs/2410.00213$$EView_record_in_Cornell_University$$FView_record_in_$$GCornell_University$$Hfree_for_read</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttps://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.00213$$DView paper in arXiv$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Brinkman, Casey L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weiss, Lauren M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huber, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Rena A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kolecki, Jared</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tenn, Gwyneth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Jingwen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Narayanan, Suchitra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Polanski, Alex S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dai, Fei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bean, Jacob L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beard, Corey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brady, Madison</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brodheim, Max</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Matt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deich, William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edelstein, Jerry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fulton, Benjamin J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giacalone, Steven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gibson, Steven R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gilbert, Gregory J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halverson, Samuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Handley, Luke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hill, Grant M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holcomb, Rae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holden, Bradford</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Householder, Aaron</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Howard, Andrew W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Isaacson, Howard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaye, Stephen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laher, Russ R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lanclos, Kyle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ong, J. M. Joel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Payne, Joel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petigura, Eric A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pidhorodetska, Daria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poppett, Claire</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roy, Arpita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rubenzahl, Ryan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saunders, Nicholas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwab, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seifahrt, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shaum, Abby P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sirk, Martin M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Chris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Roger</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stefánsson, Guðmundur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stürmer, Julian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thorne, Jim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turtelboom, Emma V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tyler, Dakotah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valliant, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Zandt, Judah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walawender, Josh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yee, Samuel W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yeh, Sherry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zink, Jon</creatorcontrib><title>The Compositions of Rocky Planets in Close-in Orbits Tend to be Earth-Like</title><description>Hundreds of exoplanets between 1-1.8 times the size of the Earth have been
discovered on close in orbits. However, these planets show such a diversity in
densities that some appear to be made entirely of iron, while others appear to
host gaseous envelopes. To test this diversity in composition, we update the
masses of 5 rocky exoplanets (HD 93963 A b, Kepler-10 b, Kepler-100 b,
Kepler-407 b, and TOI-1444 b) and present the confirmation of a new planet
(TOI-1011) using 187 high precision RVs from Gemini/MAROON-X and Keck/KPF. Our
updated planet masses suggest compositions closer to that of the Earth than
previous literature values for all planets in our sample. In particular, we
report that two previously identified ``super-Mercuries'' (Kepler-100 b and HD
93963 A b) have lower masses that suggest less iron-rich compositions. We then
compare the ratio of iron to rock-building species to the abundance ratios of
those elements in their host stars. These updated planet compositions do not
suggest a steep relationship between planet and host star compositions,
contradictory to previous results, and suggest that planets and host stars have
similar abundance ratios.</description><subject>Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics</subject><subject>Physics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics</subject><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>GOX</sourceid><recordid>eNpjYJA0NNAzsTA1NdBPLKrILNMzMgEKGBgYGRpzMniFZKQqOOfnFuQXZ5Zk5ucVK-SnKQTlJ2dXKgTkJOallhQrZOYpOOfkF6fqAhn-RUmZQKGQ1LwUhZJ8haRUBdfEopIMXZ_M7FQeBta0xJziVF4ozc0g7-Ya4uyhC7Y1vqAoMzexqDIeZHs82HZjwioA4ac5AA</recordid><startdate>20240930</startdate><enddate>20240930</enddate><creator>Brinkman, Casey L</creator><creator>Weiss, Lauren M</creator><creator>Huber, Daniel</creator><creator>Lee, Rena A</creator><creator>Kolecki, Jared</creator><creator>Tenn, Gwyneth</creator><creator>Zhang, Jingwen</creator><creator>Narayanan, Suchitra</creator><creator>Polanski, Alex S</creator><creator>Dai, Fei</creator><creator>Bean, Jacob L</creator><creator>Beard, Corey</creator><creator>Brady, Madison</creator><creator>Brodheim, Max</creator><creator>Brown, Matt</creator><creator>Deich, William</creator><creator>Edelstein, Jerry</creator><creator>Fulton, Benjamin J</creator><creator>Giacalone, Steven</creator><creator>Gibson, Steven R</creator><creator>Gilbert, Gregory J</creator><creator>Halverson, Samuel</creator><creator>Handley, Luke</creator><creator>Hill, Grant M</creator><creator>Holcomb, Rae</creator><creator>Holden, Bradford</creator><creator>Householder, Aaron</creator><creator>Howard, Andrew W</creator><creator>Isaacson, Howard</creator><creator>Kaye, Stephen</creator><creator>Laher, Russ R</creator><creator>Lanclos, Kyle</creator><creator>Ong, J. 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M. Joel</au><au>Payne, Joel</au><au>Petigura, Eric A</au><au>Pidhorodetska, Daria</au><au>Poppett, Claire</au><au>Roy, Arpita</au><au>Rubenzahl, Ryan</au><au>Saunders, Nicholas</au><au>Schwab, Christian</au><au>Seifahrt, Andreas</au><au>Shaum, Abby P</au><au>Sirk, Martin M</au><au>Smith, Chris</au><au>Smith, Roger</au><au>Stefánsson, Guðmundur</au><au>Stürmer, Julian</au><au>Thorne, Jim</au><au>Turtelboom, Emma V</au><au>Tyler, Dakotah</au><au>Valliant, John</au><au>Van Zandt, Judah</au><au>Walawender, Josh</au><au>Yee, Samuel W</au><au>Yeh, Sherry</au><au>Zink, Jon</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Compositions of Rocky Planets in Close-in Orbits Tend to be Earth-Like</atitle><date>2024-09-30</date><risdate>2024</risdate><abstract>Hundreds of exoplanets between 1-1.8 times the size of the Earth have been
discovered on close in orbits. However, these planets show such a diversity in
densities that some appear to be made entirely of iron, while others appear to
host gaseous envelopes. To test this diversity in composition, we update the
masses of 5 rocky exoplanets (HD 93963 A b, Kepler-10 b, Kepler-100 b,
Kepler-407 b, and TOI-1444 b) and present the confirmation of a new planet
(TOI-1011) using 187 high precision RVs from Gemini/MAROON-X and Keck/KPF. Our
updated planet masses suggest compositions closer to that of the Earth than
previous literature values for all planets in our sample. In particular, we
report that two previously identified ``super-Mercuries'' (Kepler-100 b and HD
93963 A b) have lower masses that suggest less iron-rich compositions. We then
compare the ratio of iron to rock-building species to the abundance ratios of
those elements in their host stars. These updated planet compositions do not
suggest a steep relationship between planet and host star compositions,
contradictory to previous results, and suggest that planets and host stars have
similar abundance ratios.</abstract><doi>10.48550/arxiv.2410.00213</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2410.00213 |
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| subjects | Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Physics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| title | The Compositions of Rocky Planets in Close-in Orbits Tend to be Earth-Like |
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