NEOMOD: A New Orbital Distribution Model for Near Earth Objects
Near Earth Objects (NEOs) are a transient population of small bodies with orbits near or in the terrestrial planet region. They represent a mid-stage in the dynamical cycle of asteroids and comets, which starts with their removal from the respective source regions -- the main belt and trans-Neptunia...
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| creator | Nesvorny, David Deienno, Rogerio Bottke, William F Jedicke, Robert Naidu, Shantanu Chesley, Steven R Chodas, Paul W Granvik, Mikael Vokrouhlicky, David Broz, Miroslav Morbidelli, Alessandro Christensen, Eric Bolin, Bryce T |
| description | Near Earth Objects (NEOs) are a transient population of small bodies with orbits near or in the terrestrial planet region. They represent a mid-stage in the dynamical cycle of asteroids and comets, which starts with their removal from the respective source regions -- the main belt and trans-Neptunian scattered disk -- and ends as bodies impact planets, disintegrate near the Sun, or are ejected from the Solar System. Here we develop a new orbital model of NEOs by numerically integrating asteroid orbits from main belt sources and calibrating the results on observations of the Catalina Sky Survey. The results imply a size-dependent sampling of the main belt with the \(\nu_6\) and 3:1 resonances producing \(\simeq 30\)\% of NEOs with absolute magnitudes \(H = 15\) and \(\simeq 80\)\% of NEOs with \(H = 25\). Hence, the large and small NEOs have different orbital distributions. The inferred flux of \(H |
| doi_str_mv | 10.48550/arxiv.2306.09521 |
| format | Article |
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They represent a mid-stage in the dynamical cycle of asteroids and comets, which starts with their removal from the respective source regions -- the main belt and trans-Neptunian scattered disk -- and ends as bodies impact planets, disintegrate near the Sun, or are ejected from the Solar System. Here we develop a new orbital model of NEOs by numerically integrating asteroid orbits from main belt sources and calibrating the results on observations of the Catalina Sky Survey. The results imply a size-dependent sampling of the main belt with the \(\nu_6\) and 3:1 resonances producing \(\simeq 30\)\% of NEOs with absolute magnitudes \(H = 15\) and \(\simeq 80\)\% of NEOs with \(H = 25\). Hence, the large and small NEOs have different orbital distributions. The inferred flux of \(H<18\) bodies into the 3:1 resonance can be sustained only if the main-belt asteroids near the resonance drift toward the resonance at the maximal Yarkovsky rate (\(\simeq 2 \times 10^{-4}\) au Myr\(^{-1}\) for diameter \(D=1\) km and semimajor axis \(a=2.5\)~au). This implies obliquities \(\theta \simeq 0^\circ\) for \(a<2.5\)~au and \(\theta \simeq 180^\circ\) for \(a>2.5\)~au, both in the immediate neighborhood of the resonance (the same applies to other resonances as well). We confirm the size-dependent disruption of asteroids near the Sun found in previous studies. An interested researcher can use the publicly available NEOMOD Simulator to generate user-defined samples of NEOs from our model.</description><identifier>EISSN: 2331-8422</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2306.09521</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ithaca: Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</publisher><subject>Asteroids ; Belts ; Comets ; Near-Earth Objects ; Orbital resonances (celestial mechanics) ; Orbits ; Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ; Resonance ; Sky surveys (astronomy) ; Solar system ; Terrestrial planets</subject><ispartof>arXiv.org, 2023-06</ispartof><rights>2023. This work is published under http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>228,230,781,785,886,27927</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ace040$$DView published paper (Access to full text may be restricted)$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.09521$$DView paper in arXiv$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nesvorny, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deienno, Rogerio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bottke, William F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jedicke, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naidu, Shantanu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chesley, Steven R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chodas, Paul W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Granvik, Mikael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vokrouhlicky, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Broz, Miroslav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morbidelli, Alessandro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolin, Bryce T</creatorcontrib><title>NEOMOD: A New Orbital Distribution Model for Near Earth Objects</title><title>arXiv.org</title><description>Near Earth Objects (NEOs) are a transient population of small bodies with orbits near or in the terrestrial planet region. They represent a mid-stage in the dynamical cycle of asteroids and comets, which starts with their removal from the respective source regions -- the main belt and trans-Neptunian scattered disk -- and ends as bodies impact planets, disintegrate near the Sun, or are ejected from the Solar System. Here we develop a new orbital model of NEOs by numerically integrating asteroid orbits from main belt sources and calibrating the results on observations of the Catalina Sky Survey. The results imply a size-dependent sampling of the main belt with the \(\nu_6\) and 3:1 resonances producing \(\simeq 30\)\% of NEOs with absolute magnitudes \(H = 15\) and \(\simeq 80\)\% of NEOs with \(H = 25\). Hence, the large and small NEOs have different orbital distributions. The inferred flux of \(H<18\) bodies into the 3:1 resonance can be sustained only if the main-belt asteroids near the resonance drift toward the resonance at the maximal Yarkovsky rate (\(\simeq 2 \times 10^{-4}\) au Myr\(^{-1}\) for diameter \(D=1\) km and semimajor axis \(a=2.5\)~au). This implies obliquities \(\theta \simeq 0^\circ\) for \(a<2.5\)~au and \(\theta \simeq 180^\circ\) for \(a>2.5\)~au, both in the immediate neighborhood of the resonance (the same applies to other resonances as well). We confirm the size-dependent disruption of asteroids near the Sun found in previous studies. An interested researcher can use the publicly available NEOMOD Simulator to generate user-defined samples of NEOs from our model.</description><subject>Asteroids</subject><subject>Belts</subject><subject>Comets</subject><subject>Near-Earth Objects</subject><subject>Orbital resonances (celestial mechanics)</subject><subject>Orbits</subject><subject>Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics</subject><subject>Resonance</subject><subject>Sky surveys (astronomy)</subject><subject>Solar system</subject><subject>Terrestrial planets</subject><issn>2331-8422</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GOX</sourceid><recordid>eNotj8tOwzAUBS0kJKrSD2CFJdYJ13YcO2xQ1Qcgtc2m--g6doSj0BQn4fH3pC2rsxmNzhByxyBOtJTwiOHHf8VcQBpDJjm7IhMuBIt0wvkNmXVdDQA8VVxKMSHPu1W-zZdPdE537pvmwfgeG7r0XR-8GXrfHui2ta6hVRtGBANdYejfaW5qV_bdLbmusOnc7H-nZL9e7Rev0SZ_eVvMNxFmkkWouGGZli41ViJCVSbKQploa1Aoq5VBy8ssk7qUJYICSEFzJbQRTgNoMSX3F-25rjgG_4HhtzhVFufKkXi4EMfQfg6u64u6HcJh_FTwkypNmBDiDwTgUmw</recordid><startdate>20230615</startdate><enddate>20230615</enddate><creator>Nesvorny, David</creator><creator>Deienno, Rogerio</creator><creator>Bottke, William F</creator><creator>Jedicke, Robert</creator><creator>Naidu, Shantanu</creator><creator>Chesley, Steven R</creator><creator>Chodas, Paul W</creator><creator>Granvik, Mikael</creator><creator>Vokrouhlicky, David</creator><creator>Broz, Miroslav</creator><creator>Morbidelli, Alessandro</creator><creator>Christensen, Eric</creator><creator>Bolin, Bryce T</creator><general>Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</general><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>GOX</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230615</creationdate><title>NEOMOD: A New Orbital Distribution Model for Near Earth Objects</title><author>Nesvorny, David ; Deienno, Rogerio ; Bottke, William F ; Jedicke, Robert ; Naidu, Shantanu ; Chesley, Steven R ; Chodas, Paul W ; Granvik, Mikael ; Vokrouhlicky, David ; Broz, Miroslav ; Morbidelli, Alessandro ; Christensen, Eric ; Bolin, Bryce T</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a951-a72b1985e6bd5aa0fc47d0c48dba37d87bad2c9958c5ca07006082738b3e80083</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Asteroids</topic><topic>Belts</topic><topic>Comets</topic><topic>Near-Earth Objects</topic><topic>Orbital resonances (celestial mechanics)</topic><topic>Orbits</topic><topic>Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics</topic><topic>Resonance</topic><topic>Sky surveys (astronomy)</topic><topic>Solar system</topic><topic>Terrestrial planets</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nesvorny, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deienno, Rogerio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bottke, William F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jedicke, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naidu, Shantanu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chesley, Steven R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chodas, Paul W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Granvik, Mikael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vokrouhlicky, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Broz, Miroslav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morbidelli, Alessandro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolin, Bryce T</creatorcontrib><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>arXiv.org</collection><jtitle>arXiv.org</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nesvorny, David</au><au>Deienno, Rogerio</au><au>Bottke, William F</au><au>Jedicke, Robert</au><au>Naidu, Shantanu</au><au>Chesley, Steven R</au><au>Chodas, Paul W</au><au>Granvik, Mikael</au><au>Vokrouhlicky, David</au><au>Broz, Miroslav</au><au>Morbidelli, Alessandro</au><au>Christensen, Eric</au><au>Bolin, Bryce T</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>NEOMOD: A New Orbital Distribution Model for Near Earth Objects</atitle><jtitle>arXiv.org</jtitle><date>2023-06-15</date><risdate>2023</risdate><eissn>2331-8422</eissn><abstract>Near Earth Objects (NEOs) are a transient population of small bodies with orbits near or in the terrestrial planet region. They represent a mid-stage in the dynamical cycle of asteroids and comets, which starts with their removal from the respective source regions -- the main belt and trans-Neptunian scattered disk -- and ends as bodies impact planets, disintegrate near the Sun, or are ejected from the Solar System. Here we develop a new orbital model of NEOs by numerically integrating asteroid orbits from main belt sources and calibrating the results on observations of the Catalina Sky Survey. The results imply a size-dependent sampling of the main belt with the \(\nu_6\) and 3:1 resonances producing \(\simeq 30\)\% of NEOs with absolute magnitudes \(H = 15\) and \(\simeq 80\)\% of NEOs with \(H = 25\). Hence, the large and small NEOs have different orbital distributions. The inferred flux of \(H<18\) bodies into the 3:1 resonance can be sustained only if the main-belt asteroids near the resonance drift toward the resonance at the maximal Yarkovsky rate (\(\simeq 2 \times 10^{-4}\) au Myr\(^{-1}\) for diameter \(D=1\) km and semimajor axis \(a=2.5\)~au). This implies obliquities \(\theta \simeq 0^\circ\) for \(a<2.5\)~au and \(\theta \simeq 180^\circ\) for \(a>2.5\)~au, both in the immediate neighborhood of the resonance (the same applies to other resonances as well). We confirm the size-dependent disruption of asteroids near the Sun found in previous studies. An interested researcher can use the publicly available NEOMOD Simulator to generate user-defined samples of NEOs from our model.</abstract><cop>Ithaca</cop><pub>Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</pub><doi>10.48550/arxiv.2306.09521</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Asteroids Belts Comets Near-Earth Objects Orbital resonances (celestial mechanics) Orbits Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Resonance Sky surveys (astronomy) Solar system Terrestrial planets |
| title | NEOMOD: A New Orbital Distribution Model for Near Earth Objects |
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