Coherently amplified ultrafast imaging using a free-electron interferometer
Accessing the low-energy non-equilibrium dynamics of materials and their polaritons with simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution has been a bold frontier of electron microscopy in recent years. One of the main challenges lies in the ability to retrieve extremely weak signals while simultan...
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| creator | Bucher, Tomer Nahari, Harel Hanan Herzig Sheinfux Ruimy, Ron Niedermayr, Arthur Dahan, Raphael Yan, Qinghui Adiv, Yuval Yannai, Michael Chen, Jialin Kurman, Yaniv Park, Sang Tae Masiel, Daniel J Janzen, Eli Edgar, James H Carbone, Fabrizio Bartal, Guy Tsesses, Shai Koppens, Frank H L Vanacore, Giovanni Maria Kaminer, Ido |
| description | Accessing the low-energy non-equilibrium dynamics of materials and their polaritons with simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution has been a bold frontier of electron microscopy in recent years. One of the main challenges lies in the ability to retrieve extremely weak signals while simultaneously disentangling amplitude and phase information. Here, we present Free-Electron Ramsey Imaging (FERI), a microscopy approach based on light-induced electron modulation that enables coherent amplification of optical near-fields in electron imaging. We provide simultaneous time-, space-, and phase-resolved measurements of a micro-drum made from a hexagonal boron nitride membrane visualizing the sub-cycle dynamics of 2D polariton wavepackets therein. The phase-resolved measurements reveals vortex-anti-vortex singularities on the polariton wavefronts, together with an intriguing phenomenon of a traveling wave mimicking the amplitude profile of a standing wave. Our experiments show a 20-fold coherent amplification of the near-field signal compared to conventional electron near-field imaging, resolving peak field intensities in the order of ~W/cm2, corresponding to field amplitudes of a few kV/m. As a result, our work paves the way for spatio-temporal electron microscopy of biological specimens and quantum materials, exciting yet delicate samples that are currently difficult to investigate. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.48550/arxiv.2305.04877 |
| format | Article |
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One of the main challenges lies in the ability to retrieve extremely weak signals while simultaneously disentangling amplitude and phase information. Here, we present Free-Electron Ramsey Imaging (FERI), a microscopy approach based on light-induced electron modulation that enables coherent amplification of optical near-fields in electron imaging. We provide simultaneous time-, space-, and phase-resolved measurements of a micro-drum made from a hexagonal boron nitride membrane visualizing the sub-cycle dynamics of 2D polariton wavepackets therein. The phase-resolved measurements reveals vortex-anti-vortex singularities on the polariton wavefronts, together with an intriguing phenomenon of a traveling wave mimicking the amplitude profile of a standing wave. Our experiments show a 20-fold coherent amplification of the near-field signal compared to conventional electron near-field imaging, resolving peak field intensities in the order of ~W/cm2, corresponding to field amplitudes of a few kV/m. As a result, our work paves the way for spatio-temporal electron microscopy of biological specimens and quantum materials, exciting yet delicate samples that are currently difficult to investigate.</description><identifier>EISSN: 2331-8422</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2305.04877</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ithaca: Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</publisher><subject>Algorithms ; Amplification ; Amplitudes ; Boron nitride ; Coherence ; Electron imaging ; Electron microscopy ; Free electrons ; Microscopy ; Near fields ; Physics - Optics ; Physics - Quantum Physics ; Polaritons ; Standing waves ; Traveling waves ; Wave fronts ; Wave packets</subject><ispartof>arXiv.org, 2024-07</ispartof><rights>2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>228,230,776,780,881,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-024-01451-w$$DView published paper (Access to full text may be restricted)$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2305.04877$$DView paper in arXiv$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bucher, Tomer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nahari, Harel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hanan Herzig Sheinfux</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruimy, Ron</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niedermayr, Arthur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dahan, Raphael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yan, Qinghui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adiv, Yuval</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yannai, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Jialin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kurman, Yaniv</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Sang Tae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masiel, Daniel J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Janzen, Eli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edgar, James H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carbone, Fabrizio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bartal, Guy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsesses, Shai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koppens, Frank H L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanacore, Giovanni Maria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaminer, Ido</creatorcontrib><title>Coherently amplified ultrafast imaging using a free-electron interferometer</title><title>arXiv.org</title><description>Accessing the low-energy non-equilibrium dynamics of materials and their polaritons with simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution has been a bold frontier of electron microscopy in recent years. 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Our experiments show a 20-fold coherent amplification of the near-field signal compared to conventional electron near-field imaging, resolving peak field intensities in the order of ~W/cm2, corresponding to field amplitudes of a few kV/m. 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One of the main challenges lies in the ability to retrieve extremely weak signals while simultaneously disentangling amplitude and phase information. Here, we present Free-Electron Ramsey Imaging (FERI), a microscopy approach based on light-induced electron modulation that enables coherent amplification of optical near-fields in electron imaging. We provide simultaneous time-, space-, and phase-resolved measurements of a micro-drum made from a hexagonal boron nitride membrane visualizing the sub-cycle dynamics of 2D polariton wavepackets therein. The phase-resolved measurements reveals vortex-anti-vortex singularities on the polariton wavefronts, together with an intriguing phenomenon of a traveling wave mimicking the amplitude profile of a standing wave. Our experiments show a 20-fold coherent amplification of the near-field signal compared to conventional electron near-field imaging, resolving peak field intensities in the order of ~W/cm2, corresponding to field amplitudes of a few kV/m. As a result, our work paves the way for spatio-temporal electron microscopy of biological specimens and quantum materials, exciting yet delicate samples that are currently difficult to investigate.</abstract><cop>Ithaca</cop><pub>Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</pub><doi>10.48550/arxiv.2305.04877</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Algorithms Amplification Amplitudes Boron nitride Coherence Electron imaging Electron microscopy Free electrons Microscopy Near fields Physics - Optics Physics - Quantum Physics Polaritons Standing waves Traveling waves Wave fronts Wave packets |
| title | Coherently amplified ultrafast imaging using a free-electron interferometer |
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