Active Simultaneously Transmitting and Reflecting (STAR)-RISs: Modelling and Analysis
A hardware model for active simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) is proposed consisting of reflection-type amplifiers. The amplitude gains of the STAR element are derived for both coupled and independent phase-shift scenarios. Based on the propos...
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| creator | Xu, Jiaqi Zuo, Jiakuo Zhou, Joey Tianyi Liu, Yuanwei |
| description | A hardware model for active simultaneously transmitting and reflecting
reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) is proposed consisting of
reflection-type amplifiers. The amplitude gains of the STAR element are derived
for both coupled and independent phase-shift scenarios. Based on the proposed
hardware model, an active STAR-RIS-aided two-user downlink communication system
is investigated. Closed-form expressions are obtained for the outage
probabilities of both the coupled and independent phase-shift scenarios. To
obtain further insights, scaling laws and diversity orders are derived for both
users. Analytical results confirm that active STAR-RIS achieves the same
diversity orders as passive ones while their scaling laws are different. It is
proved that average received SNRs scale with M and M^2 for active and passive
STAR-RISs, respectively. Numerical results show that active STAR-RISs
outperform passive STAR-RISs in terms of outage probability especially when the
number of elements is small. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.48550/arxiv.2302.04432 |
| format | Article |
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reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) is proposed consisting of
reflection-type amplifiers. The amplitude gains of the STAR element are derived
for both coupled and independent phase-shift scenarios. Based on the proposed
hardware model, an active STAR-RIS-aided two-user downlink communication system
is investigated. Closed-form expressions are obtained for the outage
probabilities of both the coupled and independent phase-shift scenarios. To
obtain further insights, scaling laws and diversity orders are derived for both
users. Analytical results confirm that active STAR-RIS achieves the same
diversity orders as passive ones while their scaling laws are different. It is
proved that average received SNRs scale with M and M^2 for active and passive
STAR-RISs, respectively. Numerical results show that active STAR-RISs
outperform passive STAR-RISs in terms of outage probability especially when the
number of elements is small.</description><identifier>DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2302.04432</identifier><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023-02</creationdate><rights>http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>228,230,778,883</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://arxiv.org/abs/2302.04432$$EView_record_in_Cornell_University$$FView_record_in_$$GCornell_University$$Hfree_for_read</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttps://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2302.04432$$DView paper in arXiv$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Xu, Jiaqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuo, Jiakuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Joey Tianyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yuanwei</creatorcontrib><title>Active Simultaneously Transmitting and Reflecting (STAR)-RISs: Modelling and Analysis</title><description>A hardware model for active simultaneously transmitting and reflecting
reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) is proposed consisting of
reflection-type amplifiers. The amplitude gains of the STAR element are derived
for both coupled and independent phase-shift scenarios. Based on the proposed
hardware model, an active STAR-RIS-aided two-user downlink communication system
is investigated. Closed-form expressions are obtained for the outage
probabilities of both the coupled and independent phase-shift scenarios. To
obtain further insights, scaling laws and diversity orders are derived for both
users. Analytical results confirm that active STAR-RIS achieves the same
diversity orders as passive ones while their scaling laws are different. It is
proved that average received SNRs scale with M and M^2 for active and passive
STAR-RISs, respectively. Numerical results show that active STAR-RISs
outperform passive STAR-RISs in terms of outage probability especially when the
number of elements is small.</description><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>GOX</sourceid><recordid>eNo1zztrwzAUBWAtHUraH9CpGtPBrh5XttLNhD4CKQXbmc21LBeBrBTLCfW_L3XT6XDgcOAj5I6zFLRS7BHHb3dOhWQiZQBSXJNDYSZ3trRyw8lPGOzxFP1M6xFDHNw0ufBJMXS0tL23Zqnrqi7Kh6TcVfGJvh876_3_qgjo5-jiDbnq0Ud7e8kVqV-e6-1bsv943W2LfYJZLhJQAjYIWcZt1yqRYd9qkFblm5xzgciUBLCq5cxwkWsOShrWawPS6E5bJVfk_u92cTVfoxtwnJtfX7P45A9Zi0m1</recordid><startdate>20230208</startdate><enddate>20230208</enddate><creator>Xu, Jiaqi</creator><creator>Zuo, Jiakuo</creator><creator>Zhou, Joey Tianyi</creator><creator>Liu, Yuanwei</creator><scope>GOX</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230208</creationdate><title>Active Simultaneously Transmitting and Reflecting (STAR)-RISs: Modelling and Analysis</title><author>Xu, Jiaqi ; Zuo, Jiakuo ; Zhou, Joey Tianyi ; Liu, Yuanwei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a672-45249a4661edb526afb843e5797112aa05344e5b10c12781453c0f8c43c8d8e53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Xu, Jiaqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuo, Jiakuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Joey Tianyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yuanwei</creatorcontrib><collection>arXiv.org</collection></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Xu, Jiaqi</au><au>Zuo, Jiakuo</au><au>Zhou, Joey Tianyi</au><au>Liu, Yuanwei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Active Simultaneously Transmitting and Reflecting (STAR)-RISs: Modelling and Analysis</atitle><date>2023-02-08</date><risdate>2023</risdate><abstract>A hardware model for active simultaneously transmitting and reflecting
reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) is proposed consisting of
reflection-type amplifiers. The amplitude gains of the STAR element are derived
for both coupled and independent phase-shift scenarios. Based on the proposed
hardware model, an active STAR-RIS-aided two-user downlink communication system
is investigated. Closed-form expressions are obtained for the outage
probabilities of both the coupled and independent phase-shift scenarios. To
obtain further insights, scaling laws and diversity orders are derived for both
users. Analytical results confirm that active STAR-RIS achieves the same
diversity orders as passive ones while their scaling laws are different. It is
proved that average received SNRs scale with M and M^2 for active and passive
STAR-RISs, respectively. Numerical results show that active STAR-RISs
outperform passive STAR-RISs in terms of outage probability especially when the
number of elements is small.</abstract><doi>10.48550/arxiv.2302.04432</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| title | Active Simultaneously Transmitting and Reflecting (STAR)-RISs: Modelling and Analysis |
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