High Precision Ringdown Modeling: Multimode Fits and BMS Frames
Quasi-normal mode (QNM) modeling is an invaluable tool for characterizing remnant black holes, studying strong gravity, and testing GR. Only recently have QNM studies begun to focus on multimode fitting to numerical relativity (NR) strain waveforms. As GW observatories become even more sensitive the...
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creator | Lorena Magaña Zertuche Keefe Mitman Khera, Neev Stein, Leo C Boyle, Michael Deppe, Nils Hébert, François Iozzo, Dante A B Kidder, Lawrence E Moxon, Jordan Pfeiffer, Harald P Scheel, Mark A Teukolsky, Saul A Throwe, William Vu, Nils |
description | Quasi-normal mode (QNM) modeling is an invaluable tool for characterizing remnant black holes, studying strong gravity, and testing GR. Only recently have QNM studies begun to focus on multimode fitting to numerical relativity (NR) strain waveforms. As GW observatories become even more sensitive they will be able to resolve higher-order modes. Consequently, multimode QNM fits will be critically important, and in turn require a more thorough treatment of the asymptotic frame at \(\mathscr{I}^+\). The first main result of this work is a method for systematically fitting a QNM model containing many modes to a numerical waveform produced using Cauchy-characteristic extraction (CCE), an extraction technique which is known to resolve memory effects. We choose the modes to model based on their power contribution to the residual between numerical and model waveforms. We show that the all-mode strain mismatch improves by a factor of \(\sim10^5\) when using multimode fitting as opposed to only fitting the \((2,\pm2,n)\) modes. Our most significant result addresses a critical point that has been overlooked in the QNM literature: the importance of matching the Bondi-van der Burg-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) frame of the numerical waveform to that of the QNM model. We show that by mapping the numerical waveforms\(-\)which exhibit the memory effect\(-\)to a BMS frame known as the super rest frame, there is an improvement of \(\sim10^5\) in the all-mode strain mismatch compared to using a strain waveform whose BMS frame is not fixed. Furthermore, we find that by mapping CCE waveforms to the super rest frame, we can obtain all-mode mismatches that are, on average, a factor of \(\sim4\) better than using the publicly-available extrapolated waveforms. We illustrate the effectiveness of these modeling enhancements by applying them to families of waveforms produced by NR and comparing our results to previous QNM studies. |
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Only recently have QNM studies begun to focus on multimode fitting to numerical relativity (NR) strain waveforms. As GW observatories become even more sensitive they will be able to resolve higher-order modes. Consequently, multimode QNM fits will be critically important, and in turn require a more thorough treatment of the asymptotic frame at \(\mathscr{I}^+\). The first main result of this work is a method for systematically fitting a QNM model containing many modes to a numerical waveform produced using Cauchy-characteristic extraction (CCE), an extraction technique which is known to resolve memory effects. We choose the modes to model based on their power contribution to the residual between numerical and model waveforms. We show that the all-mode strain mismatch improves by a factor of \(\sim10^5\) when using multimode fitting as opposed to only fitting the \((2,\pm2,n)\) modes. Our most significant result addresses a critical point that has been overlooked in the QNM literature: the importance of matching the Bondi-van der Burg-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) frame of the numerical waveform to that of the QNM model. We show that by mapping the numerical waveforms\(-\)which exhibit the memory effect\(-\)to a BMS frame known as the super rest frame, there is an improvement of \(\sim10^5\) in the all-mode strain mismatch compared to using a strain waveform whose BMS frame is not fixed. Furthermore, we find that by mapping CCE waveforms to the super rest frame, we can obtain all-mode mismatches that are, on average, a factor of \(\sim4\) better than using the publicly-available extrapolated waveforms. We illustrate the effectiveness of these modeling enhancements by applying them to families of waveforms produced by NR and comparing our results to previous QNM studies.</description><identifier>EISSN: 2331-8422</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2110.15922</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ithaca: Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</publisher><subject>Critical point ; Gravitational waves ; Mathematical models ; Numerical relativity ; Observatories ; Physics - General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ; Physics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ; Physics - High Energy Physics - Theory ; Relativity ; Theory of relativity ; Waveforms</subject><ispartof>arXiv.org, 2022-05</ispartof><rights>2022. This work is published under http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>228,230,776,780,881,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2110.15922$$DView paper in arXiv$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.105.104015$$DView published paper (Access to full text may be restricted)$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lorena Magaña Zertuche</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keefe Mitman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khera, Neev</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stein, Leo C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boyle, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deppe, Nils</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hébert, François</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iozzo, Dante A B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kidder, Lawrence E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moxon, Jordan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pfeiffer, Harald P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scheel, Mark A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teukolsky, Saul A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Throwe, William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vu, Nils</creatorcontrib><title>High Precision Ringdown Modeling: Multimode Fits and BMS Frames</title><title>arXiv.org</title><description>Quasi-normal mode (QNM) modeling is an invaluable tool for characterizing remnant black holes, studying strong gravity, and testing GR. 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Our most significant result addresses a critical point that has been overlooked in the QNM literature: the importance of matching the Bondi-van der Burg-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) frame of the numerical waveform to that of the QNM model. We show that by mapping the numerical waveforms\(-\)which exhibit the memory effect\(-\)to a BMS frame known as the super rest frame, there is an improvement of \(\sim10^5\) in the all-mode strain mismatch compared to using a strain waveform whose BMS frame is not fixed. Furthermore, we find that by mapping CCE waveforms to the super rest frame, we can obtain all-mode mismatches that are, on average, a factor of \(\sim4\) better than using the publicly-available extrapolated waveforms. We illustrate the effectiveness of these modeling enhancements by applying them to families of waveforms produced by NR and comparing our results to previous QNM studies.</description><subject>Critical point</subject><subject>Gravitational waves</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Numerical relativity</subject><subject>Observatories</subject><subject>Physics - General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology</subject><subject>Physics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena</subject><subject>Physics - High Energy Physics - Theory</subject><subject>Relativity</subject><subject>Theory of relativity</subject><subject>Waveforms</subject><issn>2331-8422</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GOX</sourceid><recordid>eNotj0tLw0AcxBdBsNR-AE8ueE7d_e_bi2gxVmhQtPewaTZ1Sx51N_Hx7Y2tp2GGYZgfQheUzLkWglzb8O0_50DHgAoDcIImwBhNNAc4Q7MYd4QQkAqEYBN0u_Tbd_wS3MZH37X41bfbsvtqcdaVrh7NDc6GuvfNaHHq-4htW-L77A2nwTYunqPTytbRzf51itbpw3qxTFbPj0-Lu1ViBfBEW2OEqCqqpRBAteFCs4KoQjrJjdPUls4RWWoojCZVpSi3kpSKbZSmkhVsii6Pswe6fB98Y8NP_keZHyjHxtWxsQ_dx-Bin--6IbTjpxyEIUozRjj7BVPEUmA</recordid><startdate>20220511</startdate><enddate>20220511</enddate><creator>Lorena Magaña Zertuche</creator><creator>Keefe Mitman</creator><creator>Khera, Neev</creator><creator>Stein, Leo C</creator><creator>Boyle, Michael</creator><creator>Deppe, Nils</creator><creator>Hébert, François</creator><creator>Iozzo, Dante A B</creator><creator>Kidder, Lawrence E</creator><creator>Moxon, Jordan</creator><creator>Pfeiffer, Harald P</creator><creator>Scheel, Mark A</creator><creator>Teukolsky, Saul A</creator><creator>Throwe, William</creator><creator>Vu, Nils</creator><general>Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</general><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>GOX</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220511</creationdate><title>High Precision Ringdown Modeling: Multimode Fits and BMS Frames</title><author>Lorena Magaña Zertuche ; Keefe Mitman ; Khera, Neev ; Stein, Leo C ; Boyle, Michael ; Deppe, Nils ; Hébert, François ; Iozzo, Dante A B ; Kidder, Lawrence E ; Moxon, Jordan ; Pfeiffer, Harald P ; Scheel, Mark A ; Teukolsky, Saul A ; Throwe, William ; Vu, Nils</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a524-8a9955ff1865521894583b07b6e649e81adee06d82b980ff714a60d73c78163b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Critical point</topic><topic>Gravitational waves</topic><topic>Mathematical models</topic><topic>Numerical relativity</topic><topic>Observatories</topic><topic>Physics - General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology</topic><topic>Physics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena</topic><topic>Physics - High Energy Physics - Theory</topic><topic>Relativity</topic><topic>Theory of relativity</topic><topic>Waveforms</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lorena Magaña Zertuche</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keefe Mitman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khera, Neev</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stein, Leo C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boyle, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deppe, Nils</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hébert, François</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iozzo, Dante A B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kidder, Lawrence E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moxon, Jordan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pfeiffer, Harald P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scheel, Mark A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teukolsky, Saul A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Throwe, William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vu, Nils</creatorcontrib><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>arXiv.org</collection><jtitle>arXiv.org</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lorena Magaña Zertuche</au><au>Keefe Mitman</au><au>Khera, Neev</au><au>Stein, Leo C</au><au>Boyle, Michael</au><au>Deppe, Nils</au><au>Hébert, François</au><au>Iozzo, Dante A B</au><au>Kidder, Lawrence E</au><au>Moxon, Jordan</au><au>Pfeiffer, Harald P</au><au>Scheel, Mark A</au><au>Teukolsky, Saul A</au><au>Throwe, William</au><au>Vu, Nils</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>High Precision Ringdown Modeling: Multimode Fits and BMS Frames</atitle><jtitle>arXiv.org</jtitle><date>2022-05-11</date><risdate>2022</risdate><eissn>2331-8422</eissn><abstract>Quasi-normal mode (QNM) modeling is an invaluable tool for characterizing remnant black holes, studying strong gravity, and testing GR. Only recently have QNM studies begun to focus on multimode fitting to numerical relativity (NR) strain waveforms. As GW observatories become even more sensitive they will be able to resolve higher-order modes. Consequently, multimode QNM fits will be critically important, and in turn require a more thorough treatment of the asymptotic frame at \(\mathscr{I}^+\). The first main result of this work is a method for systematically fitting a QNM model containing many modes to a numerical waveform produced using Cauchy-characteristic extraction (CCE), an extraction technique which is known to resolve memory effects. We choose the modes to model based on their power contribution to the residual between numerical and model waveforms. We show that the all-mode strain mismatch improves by a factor of \(\sim10^5\) when using multimode fitting as opposed to only fitting the \((2,\pm2,n)\) modes. Our most significant result addresses a critical point that has been overlooked in the QNM literature: the importance of matching the Bondi-van der Burg-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) frame of the numerical waveform to that of the QNM model. We show that by mapping the numerical waveforms\(-\)which exhibit the memory effect\(-\)to a BMS frame known as the super rest frame, there is an improvement of \(\sim10^5\) in the all-mode strain mismatch compared to using a strain waveform whose BMS frame is not fixed. Furthermore, we find that by mapping CCE waveforms to the super rest frame, we can obtain all-mode mismatches that are, on average, a factor of \(\sim4\) better than using the publicly-available extrapolated waveforms. We illustrate the effectiveness of these modeling enhancements by applying them to families of waveforms produced by NR and comparing our results to previous QNM studies.</abstract><cop>Ithaca</cop><pub>Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</pub><doi>10.48550/arxiv.2110.15922</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Critical point Gravitational waves Mathematical models Numerical relativity Observatories Physics - General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Physics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Physics - High Energy Physics - Theory Relativity Theory of relativity Waveforms |
title | High Precision Ringdown Modeling: Multimode Fits and BMS Frames |
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