Orbital obliquity sampling in the Kepler-20 system using the 3D animation software Blender

The mutual orbital alignment in multiple planetary systems is an important parameter for understanding their formation. There are a number of elaborate techniques to determine the alignment parameters using photometric or spectroscopic data. Planet--planet occultations (PPOs), which can occur in mul...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:arXiv.org 2021-10
Hauptverfasser: Müller, Holger M, Ioannidis, Panagiotis, Jürgen H M M Schmitt
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page
container_issue
container_start_page
container_title arXiv.org
container_volume
creator Müller, Holger M
Ioannidis, Panagiotis
Jürgen H M M Schmitt
description The mutual orbital alignment in multiple planetary systems is an important parameter for understanding their formation. There are a number of elaborate techniques to determine the alignment parameters using photometric or spectroscopic data. Planet--planet occultations (PPOs), which can occur in multiple transiting systems, are one intuitive example. While the presence of PPOs constrains the orbital alignment, the absence at first glance does not. Planetary systems, for which the measurement of orbital obliquities with conventional techniques remains elusive, call for new methods whereby at least some information on the alignments can be obtained. Here we develop a method that uses photometric data to gain this kind of information from multi-transit events. In our approach we synthesize multi-transit light curves of the exoplanets in question via the construction of a grid of projected orbital tilt angles \(\alpha\), while keeping all transit parameters constant. These model light curves contain PPOs for some values of \(\alpha\). To compute the model light curves, we use the 3D animation software Blender for our transit simulations, which allows the use of arbitrary surface brightness distributions of the star, such as limb darkening from model atmospheres. The resulting model light curves are then compared to actual measurements. We present a detailed study of the multi-transiting planetary system Kepler-20, including parameter fits of the transiting planets and an analysis of the stellar activity. We apply our method to Kepler-20 b and c, where we are able to exclude some orbital geometries, and find a tendency of these planets to eclipse in front of different stellar hemispheres in a prograde direction. [...]
doi_str_mv 10.48550/arxiv.2110.09268
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_arxiv</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_arxiv_primary_2110_09268</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2583711724</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-a524-9f04bd1473b08807ae98a0238bbf1f196eb6d261b3358570be0bd493833cba3a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNotUEtPwzAYi5CQmMZ-ACcice5Ivi9p0yOMp5i0y05cqoSmkKmvJSmwf0-7cbJkW5ZtQq44WwolJbvV_td9L4GPBMshVWdkBog8UQLggixC2DHGIM1ASpyR9403LuqadqZ2-8HFAw266WvXflLX0vhl6Zvta-sTYDQcQrQNHcKkThI-UN26RkfXtTR0VfzR3tL72ral9ZfkvNJ1sIt_nJPt0-N29ZKsN8-vq7t1oiWIJK-YMCUXGRqmFMu0zZVmgMqYilc8T61JS0i5QZRKZsxYZkqRo0L8MBo1zsn1KfY4vOj92McfiumA4njA6Lg5OXrf7QcbYrHrBt-OnQqQCjPOMxD4BxD_XXs</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2583711724</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Orbital obliquity sampling in the Kepler-20 system using the 3D animation software Blender</title><source>arXiv.org</source><source>Free E- Journals</source><creator>Müller, Holger M ; Ioannidis, Panagiotis ; Jürgen H M M Schmitt</creator><creatorcontrib>Müller, Holger M ; Ioannidis, Panagiotis ; Jürgen H M M Schmitt</creatorcontrib><description>The mutual orbital alignment in multiple planetary systems is an important parameter for understanding their formation. There are a number of elaborate techniques to determine the alignment parameters using photometric or spectroscopic data. Planet--planet occultations (PPOs), which can occur in multiple transiting systems, are one intuitive example. While the presence of PPOs constrains the orbital alignment, the absence at first glance does not. Planetary systems, for which the measurement of orbital obliquities with conventional techniques remains elusive, call for new methods whereby at least some information on the alignments can be obtained. Here we develop a method that uses photometric data to gain this kind of information from multi-transit events. In our approach we synthesize multi-transit light curves of the exoplanets in question via the construction of a grid of projected orbital tilt angles \(\alpha\), while keeping all transit parameters constant. These model light curves contain PPOs for some values of \(\alpha\). To compute the model light curves, we use the 3D animation software Blender for our transit simulations, which allows the use of arbitrary surface brightness distributions of the star, such as limb darkening from model atmospheres. The resulting model light curves are then compared to actual measurements. We present a detailed study of the multi-transiting planetary system Kepler-20, including parameter fits of the transiting planets and an analysis of the stellar activity. We apply our method to Kepler-20 b and c, where we are able to exclude some orbital geometries, and find a tendency of these planets to eclipse in front of different stellar hemispheres in a prograde direction. [...]</description><identifier>EISSN: 2331-8422</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2110.09268</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ithaca: Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</publisher><subject>Alignment ; Angles (geometry) ; Animation ; Extrasolar planets ; Hemispheres ; Light curve ; Limb darkening ; Mathematical models ; Parameters ; Photometry ; Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ; Physics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ; Physics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ; Planet formation ; Planetary systems ; Software ; Stellar activity ; Surface brightness ; Transit</subject><ispartof>arXiv.org, 2021-10</ispartof><rights>2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>228,230,776,780,881,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2110.09268$$DView paper in arXiv$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141627$$DView published paper (Access to full text may be restricted)$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Müller, Holger M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ioannidis, Panagiotis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jürgen H M M Schmitt</creatorcontrib><title>Orbital obliquity sampling in the Kepler-20 system using the 3D animation software Blender</title><title>arXiv.org</title><description>The mutual orbital alignment in multiple planetary systems is an important parameter for understanding their formation. There are a number of elaborate techniques to determine the alignment parameters using photometric or spectroscopic data. Planet--planet occultations (PPOs), which can occur in multiple transiting systems, are one intuitive example. While the presence of PPOs constrains the orbital alignment, the absence at first glance does not. Planetary systems, for which the measurement of orbital obliquities with conventional techniques remains elusive, call for new methods whereby at least some information on the alignments can be obtained. Here we develop a method that uses photometric data to gain this kind of information from multi-transit events. In our approach we synthesize multi-transit light curves of the exoplanets in question via the construction of a grid of projected orbital tilt angles \(\alpha\), while keeping all transit parameters constant. These model light curves contain PPOs for some values of \(\alpha\). To compute the model light curves, we use the 3D animation software Blender for our transit simulations, which allows the use of arbitrary surface brightness distributions of the star, such as limb darkening from model atmospheres. The resulting model light curves are then compared to actual measurements. We present a detailed study of the multi-transiting planetary system Kepler-20, including parameter fits of the transiting planets and an analysis of the stellar activity. We apply our method to Kepler-20 b and c, where we are able to exclude some orbital geometries, and find a tendency of these planets to eclipse in front of different stellar hemispheres in a prograde direction. [...]</description><subject>Alignment</subject><subject>Angles (geometry)</subject><subject>Animation</subject><subject>Extrasolar planets</subject><subject>Hemispheres</subject><subject>Light curve</subject><subject>Limb darkening</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Parameters</subject><subject>Photometry</subject><subject>Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics</subject><subject>Physics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics</subject><subject>Physics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics</subject><subject>Planet formation</subject><subject>Planetary systems</subject><subject>Software</subject><subject>Stellar activity</subject><subject>Surface brightness</subject><subject>Transit</subject><issn>2331-8422</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GOX</sourceid><recordid>eNotUEtPwzAYi5CQmMZ-ACcice5Ivi9p0yOMp5i0y05cqoSmkKmvJSmwf0-7cbJkW5ZtQq44WwolJbvV_td9L4GPBMshVWdkBog8UQLggixC2DHGIM1ASpyR9403LuqadqZ2-8HFAw266WvXflLX0vhl6Zvta-sTYDQcQrQNHcKkThI-UN26RkfXtTR0VfzR3tL72ral9ZfkvNJ1sIt_nJPt0-N29ZKsN8-vq7t1oiWIJK-YMCUXGRqmFMu0zZVmgMqYilc8T61JS0i5QZRKZsxYZkqRo0L8MBo1zsn1KfY4vOj92McfiumA4njA6Lg5OXrf7QcbYrHrBt-OnQqQCjPOMxD4BxD_XXs</recordid><startdate>20211018</startdate><enddate>20211018</enddate><creator>Müller, Holger M</creator><creator>Ioannidis, Panagiotis</creator><creator>Jürgen H M M Schmitt</creator><general>Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</general><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>GOX</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20211018</creationdate><title>Orbital obliquity sampling in the Kepler-20 system using the 3D animation software Blender</title><author>Müller, Holger M ; Ioannidis, Panagiotis ; Jürgen H M M Schmitt</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a524-9f04bd1473b08807ae98a0238bbf1f196eb6d261b3358570be0bd493833cba3a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Alignment</topic><topic>Angles (geometry)</topic><topic>Animation</topic><topic>Extrasolar planets</topic><topic>Hemispheres</topic><topic>Light curve</topic><topic>Limb darkening</topic><topic>Mathematical models</topic><topic>Parameters</topic><topic>Photometry</topic><topic>Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics</topic><topic>Physics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics</topic><topic>Physics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics</topic><topic>Planet formation</topic><topic>Planetary systems</topic><topic>Software</topic><topic>Stellar activity</topic><topic>Surface brightness</topic><topic>Transit</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Müller, Holger M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ioannidis, Panagiotis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jürgen H M M Schmitt</creatorcontrib><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science &amp; Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>arXiv.org</collection><jtitle>arXiv.org</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Müller, Holger M</au><au>Ioannidis, Panagiotis</au><au>Jürgen H M M Schmitt</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Orbital obliquity sampling in the Kepler-20 system using the 3D animation software Blender</atitle><jtitle>arXiv.org</jtitle><date>2021-10-18</date><risdate>2021</risdate><eissn>2331-8422</eissn><abstract>The mutual orbital alignment in multiple planetary systems is an important parameter for understanding their formation. There are a number of elaborate techniques to determine the alignment parameters using photometric or spectroscopic data. Planet--planet occultations (PPOs), which can occur in multiple transiting systems, are one intuitive example. While the presence of PPOs constrains the orbital alignment, the absence at first glance does not. Planetary systems, for which the measurement of orbital obliquities with conventional techniques remains elusive, call for new methods whereby at least some information on the alignments can be obtained. Here we develop a method that uses photometric data to gain this kind of information from multi-transit events. In our approach we synthesize multi-transit light curves of the exoplanets in question via the construction of a grid of projected orbital tilt angles \(\alpha\), while keeping all transit parameters constant. These model light curves contain PPOs for some values of \(\alpha\). To compute the model light curves, we use the 3D animation software Blender for our transit simulations, which allows the use of arbitrary surface brightness distributions of the star, such as limb darkening from model atmospheres. The resulting model light curves are then compared to actual measurements. We present a detailed study of the multi-transiting planetary system Kepler-20, including parameter fits of the transiting planets and an analysis of the stellar activity. We apply our method to Kepler-20 b and c, where we are able to exclude some orbital geometries, and find a tendency of these planets to eclipse in front of different stellar hemispheres in a prograde direction. [...]</abstract><cop>Ithaca</cop><pub>Cornell University Library, arXiv.org</pub><doi>10.48550/arxiv.2110.09268</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier EISSN: 2331-8422
ispartof arXiv.org, 2021-10
issn 2331-8422
language eng
recordid cdi_arxiv_primary_2110_09268
source arXiv.org; Free E- Journals
subjects Alignment
Angles (geometry)
Animation
Extrasolar planets
Hemispheres
Light curve
Limb darkening
Mathematical models
Parameters
Photometry
Physics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Physics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Physics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Planet formation
Planetary systems
Software
Stellar activity
Surface brightness
Transit
title Orbital obliquity sampling in the Kepler-20 system using the 3D animation software Blender
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-22T11%3A40%3A54IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_arxiv&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Orbital%20obliquity%20sampling%20in%20the%20Kepler-20%20system%20using%20the%203D%20animation%20software%20Blender&rft.jtitle=arXiv.org&rft.au=M%C3%BCller,%20Holger%20M&rft.date=2021-10-18&rft.eissn=2331-8422&rft_id=info:doi/10.48550/arxiv.2110.09268&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_arxiv%3E2583711724%3C/proquest_arxiv%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2583711724&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true