de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky massive photon gases in cosmology

de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky massive photon gases in cosmology

We investigate the influence of massive photons on the evolution of the expanding universe. Two particular models for generalized electrodynamics are considered, namely de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics. We obtain the equation of state (EOS) \(P=P(\varepsilon)\) for each case using...

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Veröffentlicht in:arXiv.org 2017-06
Hauptverfasser: Cuzinatto, R R, de Morais, E M, Medeiros, L G, C Naldoni de Souza, Pimentel, B M
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Astronomical models
Cosmology
Electrodynamics
Equations of state
Photons
Physics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Universe
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C Naldoni de Souza
Pimentel, B M
description We investigate the influence of massive photons on the evolution of the expanding universe. Two particular models for generalized electrodynamics are considered, namely de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics. We obtain the equation of state (EOS) \(P=P(\varepsilon)\) for each case using dispersion relations derived from both theories. The EOS are inputted into the Friedmann equations of a homogeneous and isotropic space-time to determine the cosmic scale factor \(a(t)\). It is shown that the photon non-null mass does not significantly alter the result \(a\propto t^{1/2}\) valid for a massless photon gas; this is true either in de Broglie-Proca's case (where the photon mass \(m\) is extremely small) or in Bopp-Podolsky theory (for which \(m\) is extremely large).
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subjects Astronomical models
Cosmology
Electrodynamics
Equations of state
Photons
Physics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Universe
title de Broglie-Proca and Bopp-Podolsky massive photon gases in cosmology
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