Modeling of crack propagation in weak snowpack layers using the discrete element method von Gaume, J, van Herwijnen, A, Chambon, G, Birkeland, K. W, Schweizer, J

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Measurements of snow slab displacement in Extended Column Tests and comparison with Propagation Saw Tests von van Herwijnen, A., Birkeland, K.W.

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Use of a thermal imager for snow pit temperatures von Shea, C, Jamieson, B, Birkeland, K. W

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Anticrack model for skier triggering of slab avalanches von Heierli, J., Birkeland, K.W., Simenhois, R., Gumbsch, P.

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Power-laws and snow avalanches von Birkeland, K. W., Landry, C. C.

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Spatial patterns of snow stability throughout a small mountain range von Birkeland, K.W.

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Synoptic atmospheric circulation patterns associated with deep persistent slab avalanches in the western United States von Schauer, Andrew R, Hendrikx, Jordy, Birkeland, Karl W, Mock, Cary J

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The spatial variability of snow resistance on potential avalanche slopes von Birkeland, K. W., Hansen, K.J., Brown, R. L.

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Assessing the seasonal evolution of snow depth spatial variability and scaling in complex mountain terrain von Miller, Zachary S, Peitzsch, Erich H, Sproles, Eric A, Birkeland, Karl W, Palomaki, Ross T

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Snow Avalanche Climatology of the Western United States Mountain Ranges von Mock, Cary J., Birkeland, Karl W.

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Review of spatial variability of snowpack properties and its importance for avalanche formation von Schweizer, Jürg, Kronholm, Kalle, Jamieson, J. Bruce, Birkeland, Karl W.

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Changes in the shear strength and micro-penetration hardness of a buried surface-hoar layer von Birkeland, Karl W., Kronholm, Kalle, Schneebeli, Martin, Pielmeier, Christine

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The Extended Column Test: Test effectiveness, spatial variability, and comparison with the Propagation Saw Test von Simenhois, Ron, Birkeland, Karl W.

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Spatial patterns of surface hoar properties and incoming radiation on an inclined forest opening von Lutz, Eric R., Birkeland, Karl W.

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Avalanche extremes and atmospheric circulation patterns von Birkeland, K.W., Mock, C. J., Shinker, J. J.

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A statistical validation of the snowpack model in a Montana climate von Lundy, Christopher C, Brown, Robert L, Adams, Edward E, Birkeland, Karl W, Lehning, Michael

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Reliability of sampling designs for spatial snow surveys von Kronholm, Kalle, Birkeland, Karl W.

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Instruments and Methods On optimal stability-test spacing for assessing snow avalanche conditions von Birkeland, K W, Hendrikx, J, Clark, M P

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The stuffblock snow stability test: comparability with the rutschblock, usefulness in different snow climates, and repeatability between observers von Birkeland, Karl W, Johnson, Ron F

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Integrating spatial patterns into a snow avalanche cellular automata model von Kronholm, Kalle, Birkeland, Karl W.

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